What you refer to as data analysis, web scraping, web development, etc., in my opinion, is not mastering Python, but rather mastering a specific domain. You could switch to another language and still achieve the same results. In my view, mastering the Python language requires the following steps: Level 1: Understanding Basic Syntax. This is the easiest level. Once you grasp the basic syntax of Python, you can implement common requirements using Python code, regardless of the code quality. For this part, you can refer to: The Python Tutorial. Level 2: Proficient Use of Common Libraries. Familiarize yourself with the usage of the standard library, including but not limited to copy, json, itertools, collections, hashlib, os, sys, etc. For this part, you can refer to: The Python Standard Library. Get to know commonly used third-party libraries, which will vary based on individual usage, but you must master the third-party libraries relevant to your field. Level 3: Pythonic. If you haven’t reached this level yet, it is slightly more challenging than the previous one, but still easily achievable. The term Pythonic refers to the fact that Python can achieve more elegant implementations compared to other languages (regardless of whether it is syntactic sugar or not), such as (including but not limited to) with, for, try-else, yield, etc.