Mechanical Drawing English Translation
ALL WELDS CONTINUOUS UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED
All unspecified welds are continuous welds.
ALL WELDS 3mm FILLET UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED
Unspecified fillet weld height is 3mm.
ALL UNSPECIFIED RADI – R3
Unspecified radius is R3.
REMOVE ALL BURRS AND SHARP EDGES
All sharp edges should be deburred.
CHANNEL is Channel Steel
RSA 708 is Angle Steel 70X70X8
M30X1.5 pitch is M30X1.5 tapered thread
Tackweld is Spot Weld
OD 1/4″ outside dimension is the abbreviation for 1/4″ outer diameter
75 CRS means a dimension of 75 made of cold-rolled steel sheet
410 OPENING REF means opening reference dimension 410
40 REF means dimension is 40, reference value
2.5″ BSP is 2.5” tapered pipe thread
2.5″ BSPT HEXAGON is 2.5” hexagonal tapered pipe thread (i.e., male thread)
30×2.5 FLAT BAR is 30X2.5 flat steel
TYP 2 POSNS means 2 positions
11 TOTAL COILS APPROX. 9 WORKING COILS APPROX. RIGHT HAND WOUND ONLY, END COILS SQUARE TO TOUCH.
Total number of coils is approximately 11; working coils are approximately 9; right-handed; the ends of the spring are squared for contact. (This is a technical description of the spring)
FEMALE: Internal thread (female thread)
MALE: External thread (male thread)
Eccentric shaft is 偏心轴
PIN is 销轴
COTTER PIN is 开口销
SCREW is 螺杆
SET SCREW is 紧定螺钉
ROUND NUT is 圆螺母
SOCKET HEAD CAP SCREW is 内六角螺钉
HEX HD SETSCREW is 六角螺钉
HEX HD BOLT is 六角螺栓
CLOSING RING is 挡圈
CIRCLIP is 弹性挡圈
DISTANCE SLEEVE OF AXLETREE is 轴承隔套
AXLETREE is 轴承
DEEP GROOVE BALL BEARING is 深沟球轴承
NON-BUCKLE LENGTH is 无扣长
SPRING is 弹簧
LIFTING EYE BOLT is 吊环螺钉
SLOTTED PAN HEAD SCREW is 开槽盘头螺钉
TAPERED ROLLER BEARING is 圆锥滚子轴承
THRUST BALL BEARING is 推力球轴承
FLAT KEY is 平键
SINGLE COIL SPRING WASHER is 弹簧垫圈
FLAT WASHER is 平垫圈
FULL NYLOCK NUT is 螺母
ROUND NUT is 圆螺母
REMOVE ALL BURRS AND SHARP EDGES means all sharp edges should be deburred.
40 REF means it is a reference dimension for measurement.
OD 1/4’ outside dimension should be: outer diameter value 1/4″
75 CRS means dimension 75 made of cold-rolled steel sheet should be: dimension 75 made of cold-rolled steel sheet.
ACCESS means Accessory
ADJ means Adjustable, Adjust
ADPT means Adapter
ADV means Advance
AL means Aluminum
ALLOW means Allowance
LT means Alternate
ALY means Alloy
AMT means Amount
ANL means Anneal
ANSL means Amer Natl Stds Institute
APPROX means Approximate
ASME means Amer Society of Mech Engrs
ASSEM means Assemble
ASSY means Assembly
AUTH means Authorized
AUTO means Automatic
AUX means Auxiliary
AVG means Average
AWG means American Wire Gauge
BC means Bolt Circle
BET means Between
BEV means Bevel
BHN means Brinell Hardness Number
BLK means Blank, Block
B/NM means Bill of Material
BOT means Bottom
BP or B/P means Blueprint
BRG means Bearing
BRK means Break
BRKT means Bracket
BRO means Broach
BRS means Brass
BRZ means Bronze
B&S means Brown & Shape
BSC means Basic
BUSH means Bushing
BWG means Birmingham Wire Gauge
C TO C means Center-to-Center
CAD means Computer-Aided Drafting
CAM means Computer-Aided Mfg
CAP means Capacity
CAP SCR means Cap Screw
CARB means Carburize
CBORE means Counterbore
CCW means Counter Clockwise
CDRILL means Counerdrill
CDS means Cold-Drawn Steel
Some Information on Reading English Drawings
The lower right corner of the English engineering drawing has the title block (equivalent to our title block and some technical requirements), which includes the drawing name (TITLE), designer (DRAWN), reviewer (CHECKED), material (MATERIAL), date (DATE), scale (SCALE), heat treatment (HEAT TREATMENT), and other requirements, such as:
1) TOLERANCES UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED means unspecified tolerances.
2) DIMS IN mm UNLESS STATED means in millimeters unless otherwise specified.
3) ANGULAR TOLERANCE ±1° means angular tolerance ±1°.
4) DIMS TOLERANCE ±0.1 means unspecified dimensional tolerance ±0.1.
5) SURFACE FINISH 3.2 UNLESS STATED means unspecified roughness 3.2.
Common Dimension Notations and Requirements
2.1 HOLE (孔) such as:
(1) Rough hole: 3″ DIA +1 CORE means core 3″ 0 +1;
(2) Machined hole: 1″ DIA 1″;
(3) Counterbore: Counterbore (Note C’BORE = COUNTER BORE);
(4) Reamed hole: 1″/4 DIA REAM means reamed hole 1″/4;
(5) Threaded hole notation generally needs to indicate the thread diameter, threads per inch (pitch), thread type, accuracy level, drilling depth, tapping depth, direction, etc. For example, example 1. 6 HOLES EQUI-SPACED ON 5″ DIA means 6 holes equally spaced on a 5″ circumference (EQUI-SPACED = EQUALLY SPACED). DRILL 1″ DIA THRO’ means drill 1″ through hole (THRO’ = THROUGH). C/SINK 22×6 DEEP means counterbore 22×6.
Example 2. TAP 7″/8-14 UNF-3B THRO’ means tap unified standard fine thread, 14 threads per inch, accuracy level 3B.
(Note UNF = UNIFIED FINE THREAD American standard fine thread)
1″ DRILL 1″/4-20 UNC-3 THD 7″/8 DEEP 4 HOLES NOT BREAK THRO means drill 1″ hole, tap 1″/4 American coarse thread, 20 threads per inch, tap depth 7″/8, 4 holes should not be drilled through (UNC = UNIFIED COARSE THREAD American standard coarse thread).
1″-14 NS-2 THRO means tap American fixed special thread M1″, 14 threads per inch, accuracy level 2 (Note NS = NATIONAL SPECIAL THREAD: American fixed special standard).
2.2 CHAMFER (倒角)
Example 1/8×45° BEV means chamfer 1/8×45° (Note BEV = BEVEL).
1.5×45° CHAM means chamfer 1.5×45° (Note CHAM = CHAMFER).
2.3 SQUARE (方)
Example 5″ SQUARE means 5″×5″ square.
2.4 SECTION (剖视)
Example SECTION A-AA-A means section view.
2.5 RADIUS (圆角半径)
Example 1″ RR 1″ means radius must be smooth and blend into face.
Round arcs must be smooth and tangent to the plane.
2.6 MACHINING ALLOWANCE (加工余量)
Example DOTTED LINES INDICATED MAX FINISH 1″/8 means dotted lines indicate maximum machining allowance 1″/8.
2.7 PART MARKING EXAMPLE
USE 5″/16 RAISED HAIRLINE LETTERS MARKING ON ONE SIDE OF BODY means use raised letters with a height of 5″/16 on one side of the body for marking.
Technical Requirements for Castings and Forgings
Example 1. FORGING MUST BE ANNEALED TO BE BELOW 203 BRINELL HARDNESS means forgings must be annealed to a Brinell hardness of less than 203.
Example 2. NORMALIZE TO 163-207 BHN MUST BE FREE OF SCALE & RUST means forgings must be normalized to Brinell hardness 163-207, and the surface must be free of scale and rust.
Example 3. FORGING TO BE SHOT OR SAND BLASTED means forgings must be shot peened or sandblasted.
Example 4. UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED DRAFT ANGLES 7° means draft angle for forging must be 7° unless otherwise specified.
Example 5. CAST TO BE FREE OF EXCESSIVE FLASH means castings must not have excessive flash.
Example 6. DRAFT ANGLE 2° UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED means draft angle for casting must be 2° unless otherwise specified.
In summary, reading English mechanical engineering drawings is not insurmountable; as long as you persist in viewing them regularly and memorize some terms, it can be done.
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