Floating gate transistors are mainly used in non-volatile memory, such as the basic unit in NAND flash. This article introduces the structure and principle of floating gate transistors.The above image shows the basic composition of a floating gate transistor, which adds a floating gate layer between the insulating layer under the control gate on the basis of NMOS, used for storing electrons.The insulating layer of silicon dioxide near the channel is relatively thin, and under a strong electric field, electrons will tunnel into the floating gate layer.When writing electrons, a high voltage is applied to the control gate relative to the substrate, which attracts electrons from the ion trap and tunnels into the floating gate layer for storage. After the voltage is removed, because the floating gate layer is surrounded by insulating layers, the electrons remain stored in this location, which is counted as logic 0.When erasing electrons, a high voltage is applied to the substrate relative to the gate, causing the electrons stored in the floating gate layer to tunnel back into the underlying P-type semiconductor under the influence of the electric field.This state is counted as logic 1.Floating gate transistors ingeniously utilize the peculiar phenomenon of quantum tunneling in physics, controlling the storage of electrons with an electric field, making them an important type of storage device.ENDThis content is reproduced and represents only the author’s views.It does not represent the position of the Semiconductor Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Editor: MarchResponsible Editor: Mu XinSubmission Email: [email protected]Previous Recommendations1. The Semiconductor Institute has made progress in biomimetic covering neuron models and learning methods.2. The Semiconductor Institute has made significant advances in inverted structure perovskite solar cells.3. Why is copper used as the interconnect metal in chips?4. What exactly is the 7nm in chips?5. Silicon-based integrated optical quantum chip technology.6. How anomalous is the quantum anomalous Hall effect? It may lead to the next revolution in information technology!
