ESP32 MicroPython WiFi Testing

Development Steps:

Connection Process

2. Core Functions

Station Mode (Connect to Router)
AP Mode (Create Hotspot)
Network Scanning
HTTP Requests
Socket Communication

Test Code:

1. Connect to WiFi (Station Mode)

import network
import time

# Configure WiFi
SSID ="your_wifi_ssid"
PASSWORD ="your_wifi_password"

sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
sta_if.active(True)

if not sta_if.isconnected():
    print("Connecting to WiFi...")
    sta_if.connect(SSID, PASSWORD)

# Wait for connection
for _ in range(20):
    if sta_if.isconnected():
        break
    print(".", end="")
    time.sleep(1)

if sta_if.isconnected():
    print("\nConnected!")
    print("IP Address:", sta_if.ifconfig()[0])

sta_if.disconnect()

    time.sleep(1)

if not sta_if.isconnected():
    print("WiFi disconnect...")
else:
    print("\nConnection failed!")

2. Create Hotspot (AP Mode)

import network
import time

# Configure WiFi

# essid= "your_wifi_ssid"
# password= "your_wifi_password"

ap = network.WLAN(network.AP_IF)
ap.active(True)
ap.config(essid="ESP32-AP", password="12345678", authmode=3)

print("Access Point active")
print("SSID:", ap.config("essid"))
print("IP Address:", ap.ifconfig()[0])

time.sleep(1)

if not ap.isconnected():
    print("WiFi disconnect...")
while not ap.isconnected():
        time.sleep(1)
print("Wait connect...")
else:
    print("\nConnection ok!")

3. Scan Nearby WiFi

import network
import time

def auth_types(code):
    return {
        0:"OPEN",
        1:"WEP",
        2:"WPA-PSK",
        3:"WPA2-PSK",
        4:"WPA/WPA2-PSK"
    }.get(code,"UNKNOWN")

sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
sta_if.active(True)

nets = sta_if.scan()
print("{:<30} {:<5} {:<10} {:<15}".format("SSID","CH","RSSI","AUTH"))

for net in nets:
    ssid = net[0].decode('utf-8')
    ch = net[2]
    rssi = net[3]
    auth = net[4]
    print("{:<30} {:<5} {:<10} {:<15}".format(ssid, ch, rssi, auth_types(auth)))

4. HTTP Request Test

import network
import time

import urequests as requests



# Ensure connected to WiFi
url ="http://httpbin.org/get"

# WiFi configuration
WIFI_SSID ="your_wifi_name"
WIFI_PASSWORD ="your_wifi_password"

# Connect to WiFi function
def connect_wifi():
    # Create WLAN object and set to STA mode (client mode)
    wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
    wlan.active(True)

    # Check if connected
    if wlan.isconnected():
        print("Connected to WiFi")
        print("Network configuration:", wlan.ifconfig())
        return wlan

    print(f"Trying to connect to {WIFI_SSID}...")
    wlan.connect(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD)

    # Wait for connection
    max_wait = 10
    while max_wait > 0:
        if wlan.status() < 0 or wlan.status() >= 3:
            break
        max_wait -= 1
        print("Waiting for connection...")
        time.sleep(1)

    # Check connection status
    if wlan.status() != 3:
        raise RuntimeError(f"WiFi connection failed, status code: {wlan.status()}")
    else:
        print("WiFi connected successfully")
        print("Network configuration:", wlan.ifconfig())
        return wlan

# HTTP request test function
def test_http_request():
    try:
        print("Sending HTTP request to httpbin.org...")
        response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get')
        print("Status code:", response.status_code)
        print("Response content:", response.text)
        response.close()
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"HTTP request failed: {e}")

# Main program
try:
    # Connect to WiFi
    wlan = connect_wifi()

    # Test HTTP request
    test_http_request()

except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")

5. Socket Client Example

import network
import time
import socket


# WiFi configuration
WIFI_SSID ="your_wifi_name"
WIFI_PASSWORD ="your_wifi_password"

# Configure server information
SERVER_IP ="192.168.1.100"
PORT = 8080


# Connect to WiFi function
def connect_wifi():
    # Create WLAN object and set to STA mode (client mode)
    wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
    wlan.active(True)

    # Check if connected
    if wlan.isconnected():
        print("Connected to WiFi")
        print("Network configuration:", wlan.ifconfig())
        return wlan

    print(f"Trying to connect to {WIFI_SSID}...")
    wlan.connect(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD)

    # Wait for connection
    max_wait = 10
    while max_wait > 0:
        if wlan.status() < 0 or wlan.status() >= 3:
            break
        max_wait -= 1
        print("Waiting for connection...")
        time.sleep(1)

    # Check connection status
    if wlan.status() != 3:
        raise RuntimeError(f"WiFi connection failed, status code: {wlan.status()}")
    else:
        print("WiFi connected successfully")
        print("Network configuration:", wlan.ifconfig())
        return wlan

# HTTP request test function
def test_socket_client():
    try:
        s = socket.socket()
        s.connect((SERVER_IP, PORT))

        # Send data
        s.send(b"Hello from ESP32!")

        # Receive response
        data = s.recv(1024)
        print("Received:", data.decode())

        s.close()
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"HTTP request failed: {e}")

# Main program
try:
    # Connect to WiFi
    wlan = connect_wifi()

    # Test socket client
    test_socket_client()

except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")

Troubleshooting Common Issues:

Connection Failed

Check SSID/password
Ensure the router supports 2.4GHz band
Increase connection timeout

Insufficient Memory

Use gc.collect() to manually reclaim memory
Avoid large buffers

Socket Error

Check firewall settings
Verify server IP and port

HTTP Request Failed

Using HTTPS requires installing certificates (recommended to use mip)
Increase timeout

Tip: Use mip to install additional network libraries:
import mip
mip.install("urequests")

References

https://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/esp32/quickref.html#wlan

http://www.micropython.com.cn/en/latest/esp32/quickref.html#networking

https://developer.quectel.com/doc/quecpython/API_reference/zh/wifilib/WLAN.html