Introduction 1. MCU’s DAC 2. PWM with Filtering Circuit 2.1 PWM Output DAC 2.2 Explanation of RC Value Selection for PWM Filter 2.3 0~3.3V PWM Output to 0~10V 3. Dedicated Conversion Chips Introduction It has been a long time since I attended a circuit class, and recently I encountered a project requirement, so I thought … Read more
We know that general IC components usually have only two power pins, one is Vcc or Vdd, and the other is Gnd or Vss. However, modern MCUs often have multiple power pins. What is the reason for this? Taking a certain 100-pin MCU as an example, we can see that it has 5 sets of … Read more
Follow+Star Public Account Number, don’t miss out on exciting content Author | strongerHuang WeChat Official Account | Embedded Column It is often heard that someone says: “For such a small project like a microcontroller, why consider software architecture…” Although microcontroller projects are small, they are still projects, as the saying goes, “Though the sparrow is … Read more
To master the STM32 microcontroller, one cannot do without serial communication. Serial communication uses a protocol called the serial communication protocol to manage data transmission, which controls the data flow during transmission, including data bits, baud rate, parity bits, and stop bits. Due to its simplicity and ease of use, serial communication is widely applied … Read more
Follow+Star Public Account Number, don’t miss wonderful content Source | Embedded Guest House Some beginners in microcontroller development have just started and have not yet involved in using RTOS. Jumping directly into RTOS may be a bit challenging, especially for those using relatively older microcontrollers with limited resources, which may not be suitable for running … Read more
Follow+Star Public Account, don’t miss exciting content Author | strongerHuang WeChat Official Account | strongerHuang Why is the main function directly called in the reset interrupt service routine? Does that mean all programs are executed in the reset interrupt? First, Reset_Handler is an interrupt of the microcontroller, and secondly, the main function is indeed called … Read more
转自 | 瑞萨嵌入式小百科 CRC：Cyclic Redundancy Check，即循环冗余校验码。 CRC是数据通信领域中最常用的一种查错校验码，其特征是信息字段和校验字段的长度可以任意选定。 循环冗余检查（CRC）是一种数据传输检错功能，对数据进行多项式计算，并将得到的结果附在帧的后面，接收设备也执行类似的算法，以保证数据传输的正确性和完整性。 —来自百度百科 学电子、计算机相关专业的同学都应该学习过CRC的基础原理。其原理说难不难，可以说就是一个公式。同时，说简单也不简单，这个公式里面包含的内容不简单。 点击查看大图 网络上关于CRC基础原理的内容比较多，可以搜索关键词“循环冗余校验”进行查询。 今天结合瑞萨RA MCU自带硬件CRC计算单元给大家讲讲其原理及监听应用。 瑞萨RA单片机硬件CRC计算单元采用固定的多项式发生器来计算8位或者32位数据的CRC校验值，对数据传输或数据存储的一致性、完整性进行验证。这篇文章重点介绍RA MCU中的CRC模块和使用方法。 RA MCU中的CRC 计算单元规格如下： 点击查看大图 注1. 该函数不能划分CRC计算中使用的数据。以8位或32位为单位写入数据。 CRC 计算单元框图如下： 那么接下来就是如何使用了，打开工程中的configuration.xlm文件，在Stacks窗口中，可以通过“New Stack → Monitoring → CRC (r_crc)”添加该模块。该模块的属性窗口如下： 点击查看大图 在应用程序中使用CRC模块的基本例程如下： void crc_example (){uint32_t length;uint32_t uint8_calculated_value;length = sizeof(g_data_8bit) / sizeof(g_data_8bit[0]);crc_input_t example_input ={.p_input_buffer = g_data_8bit,.num_bytes = length,.crc_seed = 0,};/* Open CRC module with 8 … Read more
First, let’s talk about As we all know, the biggest difference between microcontroller programming and computer programming is that microcontrollers have very limited resources, and most low-end microcontrollers do not have an operating system. Except for some embedded-level chips that use Linux, most operations are done with simple RTOS, and some simple applications or chips … Read more
Many students mention learning microcontrollers, and they often have the following expression: Seeing others’ programs densely packed, they don’t know where to start. In fact, if you calm down and read others’ programs, you will find a certain pattern, which is often modular. Microcontrollers have a lot of registers, and it’s hard to remember what … Read more
This issue’s topic A few days ago, I shared an article about CPUs:A Hardcore Knowledge About CPUs, which discussed what work CPUs actually do: “The core work of the CPU is to fetch instructions from programs or applications and execute computations. This process consists of three key stages: fetch, decode, and execute. The CPU first … Read more