Unveiling the ‘Pain Code’ in Surgery: Surgical Pleth Index (SPI)
（Long press to scan the QR code for more anesthesia knowledge points） Postoperative pain is one of the biggest concerns for patients. According to statistics, 20%-80% of patients experience moderate to severe pain after surgery, while traditional pain management methods—relying on physician experience and subjective patient descriptions—often have inaccuracies. Today, we will introduce a technique … Read more