Previously, we introduced the process of discovering services and characteristics. Today, let’s take a look at what happens next.In the software, we click to control the light to turn it on and off. The data sent by the host is as follows:Captured dataOperation codeOperation code 0x12: write request.Write requestWriting the value 0x0001 to the attribute … Read more
AuthorForum Account:FinchK 0x0 Introduction As a pure beginner in reverse engineering, I have been involved in it for about two months. I have a Xiaomi Mi Band 4 NFC version, which has the built-in Xiao Ai assistant that can engage in voice conversations to control smart home devices and perform operations such as setting alarms. … Read more
Through previous studies, we learned that BLE devices act as servers, storing some data, while clients achieve corresponding functions by reading, writing, and configuring this data. Previously, we learned about broadcasting and connections; today, let’s take a look at what happens after a connection is established.Discovery of Services and CharacteristicsAfter a device establishes a connection, … Read more
The BLE protocol is established by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group and is widely used in short-range communication fields with low power requirements, such as smartwatches, fitness bands, smart lighting, and mice. The protocol is relatively mature. The SparkLink technology, introduced by Huawei, is a new wireless communication standard, with the SLE (SparkLink Low Energy) … Read more
We previously discussed the basic installation, and today we will talk about usage.If the plugin is configured correctly and the device is functioning properly, after refreshing the interface list, find the corresponding device port, double-click it, and you will see the following interface.Wireshark main interface1. Selecting the Sniffing DeviceSniffing device selectionThis shows our sniffing devices. … Read more
I only recently learned that Bluetooth 6.0 has been released for over six months. However, this technology is like taking medicine; it takes time for it to be industrialized and for its benefits to be realized. Let’s first review the major upgrades of Bluetooth over the years: Bluetooth Major Version Release Date Core Upgrade Points … Read more
As shown in the figure above, to implement a BLE application, you first need a chip that supports BLE radio frequency, then you need to provide a BLE protocol stack that matches this chip, and finally, you can develop your own application on top of the protocol stack. It can be seen that the BLE … Read more
With the continuous growth of the economy and the significant improvement in residents’ quality of life, pets have gradually integrated into many families, becoming indispensable family members. This change has not only spurred the vigorous development of the pet industry but has also led to a new wave of consumer trends. According to the “China … Read more
Attributes play a crucial role in BLE, serving as a bridge between different components. Today, let’s learn about the concept of attributes. Attributes: The architecture of BLE is divided into servers and clients. The way BLE works is by storing data on the server, which the client can access. Data is stored in a format … Read more
Author:Jens Wallmann Abstract:This article introduces the ultra-low power STM32WBA52 MCU series from STMicroelectronics, demonstrating how developers can quickly complete and run BLE 5.3 wireless designs using BLE evaluation boards, development tools, and application examples. Additionally, this article briefly discusses programming and MCU wiring. Intense competition puts pressure on Internet of Things (IoT) device developers, who … Read more