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Requests: Making Network Requests So Easy!

In the vast world of Python network programming, there is a library that makes HTTP requests as easy as pie. That’s right, I’m talking about Requests! Want to elegantly fetch web data, simulate logins, or download resources in bulk? Requests is definitely your best choice.

Getting to Know Requests: Say Goodbye to Complexity, Embrace Simplicity

To use Requests, you first need to install it. Just type a line in the command line:

pip install requests

It’s that simple! After installation, import it for use:

import requests

GET Requests: Easily Fetch Web Data

For the most common GET requests, Requests is simply a magic tool:

response = requests.get('https://api.github.com')
print(response.status_code)  # Status code
print(response.text)         # Web content

See? Just a few lines of code to complete a web request. The status_code tells you whether the request was successful, while text contains the specific content returned.

Requests with Parameters: More Flexible Data Retrieval

Want to pass parameters? So easy!

params = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
response = requests.get('https://httpbin.org/get', params=params)
print(response.url)  # Will print the complete URL

Requests will automatically handle URL encoding for you, so you no longer need to manually concatenate URLs!

Handling POST Requests: Simulating Form Submission

Simulating logins or submitting forms? Requests can handle it easily:

data = {'username': 'xxx', 'password': '123'}
response = requests.post('https://example.com/login', data=data)

Customizing Request Headers: Disguise Your Identity

Sometimes websites check request headers, and that’s when custom headers come in handy:

headers = {    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64)'}
response = requests.get('https://www.example.com', headers=headers)

Friendly Reminder: Be careful not to let the website discover that you are a crawler!

Handling Various Responses

Want to get JSON? Use .json(). Want to get response headers? Use headers. Want to check encoding? Use encoding.

response = requests.get('https://api.example.com/data')
data = response.json()    # JSON data
headers = response.headers
response.encoding = 'utf-8'

Key Reminders:

• Requests will not automatically raise HTTP errors.
• Remember to use response.raise_for_status() to check if the request was successful.
• Handling exceptions is important!

Requests is so powerful yet so simple. No need for complex urllib, no need to manually handle various troubles, focusing on business logic is the way to go!

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