Introduction:
As of now, Nature has published a total of 572 articles. This article selects some of the latest literature to summarize color matching, providing five descriptive models for each color: hexadecimal, RGB, HSB, CMYK, and LAB, to facilitate future color matching usage.
Three Colors:
Four Colors:
Five Colors:
Six Colors:
Multiple Colors:
Descriptions and Models of Colors:
1. Hexadecimal: Hexadecimal color codes are a common method of color representation in web design and programming.
Representation: A combination of six digits and letters, with each pair representing a color channel (Red, Green, Blue).
Format: “#RRGGBB”, where “RR”, “GG”, and “BB” represent the values of red, green, and blue, ranging from 00 to FF (hexadecimal), which is 0 to 255 (decimal).
Example: “#FFFFFF” represents white, “#000000” represents black, “#FF0000” represents red.
2. RGB (Red, Green, Blue): The RGB color model is a method of color representation based on the additive principle of light, widely used in monitors, televisions, and photographic devices.
Representation: Colors are represented by mixing red (Red), green (Green), and blue (Blue) light.
Format: “RGB(R, G, B)”, with each value ranging from 0 to 255.
Example: “RGB(255, 0, 0)” represents red, “RGB(0, 255, 0)” represents green, “RGB(0, 0, 255)” represents blue, “RGB(255, 255, 255)” represents white.
3. HSB (Hue, Saturation, Brightness): The HSB color model (also known as HSV) aligns more closely with human perception of color.
Hue: Represents the basic attribute of color, ranging from 0 to 360 degrees. For example, 0 degrees is red, 120 degrees is green, and 240 degrees is blue.
Saturation: Represents the purity or intensity of color, ranging from 0% to 100%. 0% is gray, and 100% is the purest color.
Brightness: Represents the brightness level of color, ranging from 0% to 100%. 0% is black, and 100% is the brightest color.
Format: “HSB(H, S, B)”.
Example: “HSB(0, 100%, 100%)” represents red, “HSB(120, 100%, 100%)” represents green, “HSB(240, 100%, 100%)” represents blue.
4. CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black): The CMYK color model is primarily used in printing, creating colors through subtractive mixing.
Representation: Colors are produced by mixing cyan (Cyan), magenta (Magenta), yellow (Yellow), and black (Key/Black).
Format: “CMYK(C, M, Y, K)”, with each value ranging from 0% to 100%.
Example: “CMYK(0%, 100%, 100%, 0%)” represents red, “CMYK(100%, 0%, 100%, 0%)” represents green, “CMYK(100%, 100%, 0%, 0%)” represents blue.
5. LAB (CIELAB): The LAB color model is based on human visual perception, aiming to represent colors more uniformly.
L: Represents lightness, ranging from 0 to 100. 0 represents black, and 100 represents white.
A: Represents the range from green to red, with positive values indicating red and negative values indicating green.
B: Represents the range from blue to yellow, with positive values indicating yellow and negative values indicating blue.
Format: “LAB(L, A, B)”.
Example: “LAB(53.24, 80.09, 67.20)”.
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