The remote monitoring of bus operation data based on CAN bus mainly implements functions such as data collection, transmission, and remote assistance for vehicle operation status data, providing data support for vehicle analysis, maintenance, and repair, thereby improving bus operation efficiency, enhancing operational management levels, and comprehensively enhancing the intelligent bus service capability.
1. CAN Bus Data Collection
The remote monitoring of bus operation data based on CAN bus consists of three parts: data collection, communication control, and data monitoring processing. Typically, data collection devices are used to collect vehicle operation data and upload the data to the background monitoring and control system. The data collection node, as the lowest layer of the system, mainly includes data collection, data preprocessing, and data display.
The data collected via the CAN bus includes vehicle technical data and operational data. Technical data includes engine, instrument, brakes, etc., while operational data includes onboard terminals, stop announcement devices, card readers, and other onboard electronic equipment.
| Collection Category | Collected Data |
| Vehicle Technical | Engine |
| Throttle, Brake | |
| Instrument | |
| Circuit | |
| Battery Status | |
| Operational Data | Stop Announcement Device |
| Card Reader | |
| Onboard Terminal | |
| Vehicle Screen |
2. Data Transmission Design
The CAN controller receives data sent from the microprocessor in the control unit, processes the data, and transmits it to the CAN transceiver. The CAN transceiver converts the data into electrical signals and sends it through the data bus to the background. The CAN bus of the bus collects vehicle operation status data, understands the vehicle fault conditions, and the remote monitoring onboard terminal sends the vehicle operation status data to the monitoring center’s backend database, analyzing the data to grasp the vehicle operation status in real-time.
The onboard terminal obtains vehicle operation status, instrument data, brake, door opening, and driving data through the CAN bus, and uploads it to the monitoring center’s backend via the network. The monitoring center monitors the vehicle through a monitoring screen, conducting remote management of unsafe driving behaviors and high-energy-consuming driving behaviors, monitoring vehicle operation parameters in real-time, and issuing remote alarms at the first moment. Based on the monitoring data from the CAN bus, it alarms vehicle faults, allowing timely grasp of vehicle faults to ensure driving safety.
3. Remote Monitoring Analysis
The remote monitoring platform achieves real-time supervision of bus vehicle operation data. The onboard terminal uploads positioning, video, and other data to the server in real-time, and the command center accesses it via the network to query the dynamic data of vehicle operations. It promptly judges vehicle stoppage information, establishes an emergency event handling system for the vehicle compartment, further perfects the rapid response system for accident investigation and warning, and enhances the quality of bus operation services.
(1) Database Construction
Each onboard terminal of the vehicle acts as a user terminal, with the monitoring center serving as the server. Based on the network topology diagram, a TCP/IP server is established. Information such as vehicle driving status and power battery status is obtained by decrypting received encrypted data packets using DES. Based on the CAN bus instrument mileage data, combined with positioning data, the real-time location of the vehicle is sent to the backend database using GIS geographic maps. Additionally, the vehicle operation status, accidents, faults, and other warnings obtained from the CAN bus are also sent to the backend database.
(2) Data Analysis
Data analysis technology is used to manage the data uploaded via the CAN bus, achieving comprehensive vehicle monitoring based on vehicle speed and condition. The backend fully grasps the vehicle’s technical status and operational condition, sending commands and warning prompts to the vehicle in a timely manner, facilitating real-time dispatching and safe normal operation of the bus vehicles.
4. Conclusion
The remote monitoring based on CAN bus has brought numerous benefits to Jinan Public Transport, ensuring vehicle driving safety and operational order, providing important technical support for digital buses and safe public transport, and improving bus management levels.
References:
[1] Hu Yao Research on Remote Monitoring System for Electric Vehicles Based on CAN and GPRS Technology
[2] Tian Mao Liu Haizhou Pan Yongtian Data Collection and Analysis System Based on CAN Bus
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Source: Information Research Institute
Submitted by: Sun Shufang
Proofread by: Niu Fengtian
Reviewed by: Wang Fengbao
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