This article aims to clarify all input and output issues in the C language. It provides a complete explanation from multiple aspects. It is recommended to bookmark this article. 1. Overview 1. Classification by IO Location According to the location of IO, it can be divided into <span>standard IO</span> (i.e., keyboard, screen), <span>files</span>, and <span>memory</span>. … Read more
In 1969, Ken Thompson developed the UNIX system at Bell Labs in just three weeks, with the editor ed completed in only one week. However, this command-line editor was originally designed to accommodate teleprinters rather than display terminals. As a result, ed does not allow you to directly modify a line of text in an … Read more
Scenario 274: MySQL/MariaDB Service Fails to Start Issue: MySQL/MariaDB service fails to start. Solution: Check the MySQL/MariaDB error log for details: tail -f /var/log/mysql/error.log Verify if there are errors in the MySQL/MariaDB configuration file: cat /etc/my.cnf # or cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf Check for port conflicts: netstat -tulnp | grep 3306 Ensure there is enough disk space. … Read more
<span>at</span> is a command-line tool used to automatically execute various commands or scripts at a specified time and date. Tasks created with <span>at</span> are executed only once, making it an ideal tool for managing one-time tasks at precise time points. This article will introduce how to use <span>at</span> along with its companion tools <span>batch</span>, <span>atq</span>, … Read more
Notepad++ is a widely popular free and open-source code editor on the Windows platform, known for its lightweight, efficient, and feature-rich capabilities (such as syntax highlighting, multi-language support, and plugin extensions), making it a preferred choice for developers. However, since Notepad++ does not provide a native Linux version, Linux users need to look for alternatives … Read more
When building high-performance, highly concurrent Linux applications, understanding the underlying mechanisms of processes and threads is crucial. <span>fork()</span> and <span>clone()</span> are two core system calls that not only form the basis of process creation but also directly impact the implementation and performance of threads. This article will delve into the workings of <span>fork()</span> and <span>clone()</span> … Read more
A free fully functional file recovery utility for Linux operating systems and multiple Unix systems using Ext2/Ext3/Ext4 FS file systems System Requirements Intel compatible platform running Windows 11/10/8.1/8/7/Vista/XP/2000 Windows Server 2022/2019/2016/2012/2008/2003. At least 256 MB of RAM, a mouse, and sufficient disk space to store recovered files, image files, etc. Administrative privileges are required to … Read more
Introduction: The Complex Nature of Packet Loss Issues Network packet loss on Linux servers is one of the tricky problems that operations engineers often encounter. It may manifest as slow application responses, intermittent service interruptions, or degraded user experiences. Unlike systems like Windows, Linux, with its robust network stack and rich diagnostic tools, can achieve … Read more
Establishing Summer The following is a practical summary of backups for virtual machines, physical machines, operating systems, applications, files, and databases. It summarizes various dimensions including backup types, technical methods, tool selection, precautions, and recovery strategies, suitable for enterprise-level system maintenance and disaster recovery. 1 Multidimensional Summary of Backup-Related Content 1. Overview of Backups 2. … Read more