In older cars, the number of control modules was minimal, with each module handling a specific function. If there was an issue with the ignition control module, whether hardware or software, the ignition control module would be replaced. As car models and features increased, the design of a single control module for a single function became inadequate for automotive needs. This led automotive manufacturers to require a new type of electronic control system. This new electronic control system uses distributed functions, controller area network communication, and reprogrammable control modules. Teacher Ding Lianhui from Langren Technology explains the advantages of electronic control unit (ECU) programming:
1. To obtain a new function in a car, such as installing an original tire pressure monitoring system, a new tire pressure component can be installed, and new vehicle configuration software can be downloaded for programming. The tire pressure monitoring system utilizes this vehicle configuration document to perform its function through specific alarm prompts.
2. Fewer control module models. The power control module (ECM) is a good example. With hundreds of different engine types, previously, there was a need for hundreds of different spare parts in stock. Now, ECU computers can be programmed: a few different hardware setups can satisfy all vehicle models.
3. Various automotive emission programs to meet market needs. The same engine module application software can be used to satisfy the market. However, configuration software can be downloaded in different regions to address varying exhaust emission requirements.
4. During repairs, two vehicles with the same model ECU can be swapped through programming even if they have different configurations.
The image below shows the special function “online programming” extracted independently from Langren Technology H6 PRO programming master, which Langren users focus on for upgrades.
Generally divided into programming and coding.
When a new computer is installed in a car, some models’ EPROM chips need to be reprogrammed with equipment because they are blank. Coding occurs after the new computer is installed, where the EPROM program in the computer is activated or matched with other computers. Coding is more commonly used in our daily repair work; many new computers already have a complete set of programs installed in the EPROM or FLASH when they leave the factory. After being installed in a car, they will pull out one applicable program based on the vehicle configuration specified by coding. Programming and coding are related to and differ from self-diagnosis: the programming and coding of a car’s computer cannot replace conventional self-diagnosis. Conventional diagnostic computer self-diagnosis includes reading and clearing fault codes, data stream analysis, and actuator testing. After these tasks are completed, if faults still exist in the vehicle, programming the computer may be considered. For example, the BMW F18 reports an intake temperature sensor fault, and the diagnosis guides replacing the sensor and checking the wiring, but ultimately, reprogramming resolves the fault. If there is a hardware fault in the working components or the computer itself, then the programming work on the computer will be ineffective.
Coding control units: must match the vehicle’s corresponding coding to function properly. Different coding control units will have different functions, such as Volkswagen’s control units. The same control unit installed on different cars will have different functions because many cars use the same control unit for different configurations. However, to distinguish between high and low configurations, different codings are set up to achieve different functions. The low configuration version is disabled, and unlocking it can enable functions exclusive to the high configuration. This is why the Chinese market has seen a boom in repair shops offering hidden function unlocking.
Conclusion:
Due to the multitude of control modules in modern cars, such as luxury models that can have over a hundred control modules, the logical relationships in the vehicle electrical system control strategies are complex. Traditional mechanics, who have not received systematic training, find it difficult to troubleshoot issues. Inviting external repair masters incurs additional costs, illustrating the value of technology. High-end car technology is relatively conservative; even if they fix your issue, they won’t tell you why, leaving you in the dark. If reliance on technical external support continues, the knowledge will not be gained, making car repairs increasingly difficult. Some fault codes may take days of testing, and even after replacing many parts, you may find that it was a software update issue, which is common in German cars. Many of our electromechanical repair workers are still confused about matching, basic settings, and coding, let alone online programming, offline programming, software updates, and firmware data upgrades. If you own Langren products, you also have the support of the Langren after-sales technician team, adding a group of skilled technical helpers to your repair career.
The H6 Pro Master Edition Intelligent Diagnostic Programming Platform is a brand new programming diagnostic tool launched by Langren Technology in 2018. The diagnostic box can independently support original factory software and is a professional programming communication device supporting international programming protocols SAE J2534-1 and SAE J2534-2, capable of online programming for multiple vehicle series and guiding functions. It is powerful, stable in performance, and professional intelligent, making it a programming device for advanced professional automotive repairs in comprehensive repair shops.
