The group standard T/CES 251-2023 “Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing Specification for Grid-Connected Performance of Energy Storage System Inverters” was proposed by the China Electrical Engineering Society and drafted by the Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Henan Electric Power Company and other units. This standard specifies the technical requirements for preparation, testing platform, testing items and result determination, and testing reports for hardware-in-the-loop testing of electrochemical energy storage system inverters.
1. Drafting Units and Main Contributors
(1) Drafting Units
The drafting units include the Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Henan Electric Power Company, the Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company, Chongqing University, the Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Company, Southern Power Grid Electric Technology Co., Ltd., State Grid Comprehensive Energy Service Group Co., Ltd., the Electric Power Research Institute of Guangxi Power Grid Co., Ltd., the Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., the Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Company, Xi’an Singularity Energy Co., Ltd., Beijing Haibo Sichuang Technology Co., Ltd., the Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co., Ltd., State Grid Shanghai Comprehensive Energy Service Co., Ltd., China Electrical Engineering Society, Northern Industrial University, Xiamen Kehua Data Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou Inovance Technology Co., Ltd., TBEA Xinjiang New Energy Co., Ltd., State Grid Times (Fujian) Energy Storage Development Co., Ltd., Beijing Yingbo Electric Co., Ltd., the Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company, the Electric Power Research Institute of Hainan Power Grid Co., Ltd., State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company, Zhejiang Haide New Energy Co., Ltd., and Lanzhou Hengzhou Electric Power Testing Co., Ltd.
(2) Main Contributors
Teng Weijun, Liu Yang, Wang Hua, Li Zhaohui, Deng Jun, Du Xiong, Sun Guangyu, Guo Jingmei, Li Jianlin, Zhou Xichao, Sun Zhiyuan, Xue Fei, Xu Bin, Liu Yatao, Zhou Yuhao, Li Dongping, Ge Yangyang, Zhang Xiaotong, Song Yi, Zhang Yafei, Wang Nan, Sun Yi, Wang Lingling, Liu Mosi, Li Jinzhong, Deng Xiaoyang, Xie Yuguang, Xie Boyu, Ma Wei, Chen Zhe, Li Zhen, Feng Jianyun, Lin Zhenhuang, Tao Yong, Zhou Hongwei, Dou Zhenlan, Zhao Jin, Wei Daixue, Liu Wenfei, Zhang Xujun, Sun Xin, Cheng Bing, Zhang Chunyan, Zhang Wei, Xue Caixia, Zheng Xiangyu.
2. Background of Standard Development
(1) Energy storage systems have outstanding advantages such as fast response speed, bidirectional energy flow, and flexible application, making them an effective way to solve new energy consumption, enhance grid flexibility, and improve grid utilization efficiency, playing a crucial role in the new power system with renewable energy as the main body.
(2) The scale of energy storage operation in China has been increasing year by year. The grid-related performance of energy storage systems, such as low and high voltage ride-through and grid adaptability, seriously affects the safe operation of energy storage and must be verified.
(3) Verification of the grid-related performance of energy storage systems includes both field tests and type tests. Field tests are difficult, have limited working conditions, and yield little data, with high costs and time requirements; type tests may have inconsistencies between the controller software version and the actual operating conditions.
(4) Hardware-in-the-loop testing is superior to field tests and type tests in simulating grid connection conditions and controller software versions, making it suitable for verifying and modeling the grid-related performance of energy storage inverters. However, there are currently no relevant standards for hardware-in-the-loop testing of energy storage inverters, making the establishment of this group standard both necessary and urgent.
3. Main Contents of the Standard
(1) Scope
This standard specifies the technical requirements for preparation, testing platform, testing items and result determination, and testing reports for hardware-in-the-loop testing of electrochemical energy storage system inverters. This standard is applicable to the verification of grid-related performance and model parameter identification data testing of electrochemical energy storage system inverters.
(2) Normative References
The main documents referenced in this standard include:
GB/T 34120 Technical Specification for Energy Storage Inverters of Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems
GB/T 36547 Technical Regulations for Connecting Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems to the Grid
GB/T 36548 Testing Specification for Connecting Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems to the Grid
GB/T 40581 Specifications for Safety and Stability Calculation of Power Systems
GB 38755 Guidelines for Safety and Stability of Power Systems
(3) Terms and Definitions
Includes definitions of real-time digital simulators, real-time signal interfaces, and hardware-in-the-loop testing systems for energy storage inverters.
(4) General Requirements
Includes overall requirements for the simulation environment, preparation before testing, testing items and result determination, simulation model requirements, controller requirements, and testing condition settings for hardware-in-the-loop testing of grid-related performance of energy storage inverters.
(5) Testing Conditions
Includes environmental conditions for testing, data requirements, and conditions for the samples to be tested.
(6) Testing Platform
Includes functional requirements for real-time digital simulators and testing platforms.
(7) Testing Items and Result Determination
Testing items mainly include fault ride-through and grid adaptability, where fault ride-through includes low voltage fault ride-through and high voltage fault ride-through, and grid adaptability includes voltage adaptability and frequency adaptability. Result determination refers to the standard requirements that the testing results must meet.
(8) Testing Includes
Includes: manufacturer, model, structure, and parameters of the energy storage inverter; testing time, testing unit, testing personnel; calibration results of testing platform equipment; testing conditions; testing content; waveforms and data analysis results from hardware-in-the-loop simulation tests; conclusions from hardware-in-the-loop simulation tests.
4. Benefits of Standard Development
This standard has wide applicability. It specifies the overall requirements, preparation, testing items and steps, and testing reports for hardware-in-the-loop testing of grid-related performance of energy storage systems, providing a basis and reference for hardware-in-the-loop testing and model parameter testing of energy storage systems.
After the release and implementation of this standard, it will provide technical support for the safe operation of energy storage systems. Under the guidance of the “dual carbon” goals and the new power system with renewable energy as the main body, the gradual increase in the installed capacity of renewable energy and energy storage systems presents broad market application prospects, which is more conducive to enhancing China’s influence in the stable operation and management experience of power systems internationally.
(Contribution by: Standardization Office)