In the current era of intelligent driving sweeping the globe, cameras have become one of the essential core sensors in automotive perception systems. They not only provide vehicles with the ability to “see” but also offer foundational data support for subsequent AI model recognition and decision-making. Although we use the cameras on our phones or computers every day, our understanding of their working mechanisms may not be deep. This article will systematically break down the entire process of how cameras “see,” starting from the hardware…