Implementation of a Mature Wind-Solar Hybrid Controller Based on DSP

Abstract

The wind-solar hybrid power generation system is a new energy generation method that combines wind energy and photovoltaic energy, capable of achieving efficient and stable energy supply under different climatic conditions. This paper designs and implements a mature wind-solar hybrid controller based on Digital Signal Processor (DSP) technology. The controller optimizes power management strategies to achieve efficient collaboration between wind energy and solar energy, and includes features such as overload protection and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). Experimental results demonstrate that the controller can output stably, meeting practical application needs.

Theory

The wind-solar hybrid power generation system converts natural wind energy and solar energy into electrical energy through wind turbines and photovoltaic panels. Due to the volatility and randomness of both energy sources, an efficient control system must be designed to optimize energy utilization.

1. Role of DSP in Control

DSP has powerful computing capabilities and flexible control logic, making it suitable for implementing complex algorithms such as MPPT and load balancing control. This paper selects TI’s TMS320F28335 DSP chip as the core controller.

2. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Algorithm

To improve power generation efficiency, the controller adopts a combination of the Incremental Conductance method and Perturb and Observe method for MPPT to track the maximum power point of the solar cells in real-time.

3. Complementary Control of Wind Energy and Solar Energy

The wind-solar hybrid system dynamically allocates the output ratio of wind energy and solar energy by monitoring wind speed, light intensity, and load demand. The control strategies include the following:

• Prioritize the use of photovoltaic energy, and enable wind energy as a supplement when photovoltaic energy is insufficient.
• Implement dynamic adjustment of wind turbine current and voltage to ensure the stability of wind power generation.
• Conduct protective disconnection in case of load overload.

Experimental Results

The experiment set up a wind-solar hybrid power generation simulation platform under laboratory conditions to test the system’s performance under different operating conditions.

1. Testing Environment

• Photovoltaic Module: 250W, Open Circuit Voltage 40V, Short Circuit Current 8A
• Wind Turbine: Rated Power 300W, Rated Wind Speed 12m/s
• Load Type: Variable Resistor Load

2. Experimental Data

• Under sunny high light conditions, the system is primarily powered by photovoltaic modules, achieving an output efficiency of 92%.
• In low light conditions, the wind turbine provides supplementary output, resulting in a total system efficiency of 85%.
• The overload protection activation time does not exceed 5ms, ensuring the safe operation of the system.

3. Result Analysis

The experiment shows that the DSP-based controller exhibits high reliability and flexibility in the wind-solar hybrid power generation system. The MPPT algorithm effectively improves energy conversion efficiency, while the collaborative control of wind energy and solar energy achieves stable power supply.

Sample Code

% Incremental Conductance MPPT Implementation
clc; clear;

% Photovoltaic module parameters
V_oc = 40; % Open circuit voltage
I_sc = 8;  % Short circuit current
R = 5;     % Initial load

% Initialize parameters
V_prev = 0; % Previous voltage
I_prev = 0; % Previous current
P_prev = 0; % Previous power

% Simulated data
time = 0:0.1:10; % Time series
V = V_oc * rand(1, length(time)); % Random voltage data
I = I_sc * rand(1, length(time)); % Random current data

% Maximum Power Point Tracking
for t = 1:length(time)
    % Current voltage, current and power
    V_now = V(t);
    I_now = I(t);
    P_now = V_now * I_now;
    
    % Incremental conductance calculation
delta_V = V_now - V_prev;
delta_I = I_now - I_prev;
    
    if delta_V == 0
        if delta_I > 0
            R = R + 0.1; % Increase load
        elseif delta_I < 0
            R = R - 0.1; % Decrease load
        end
    else
        delta_P = P_now - P_prev;
        if delta_P > 0
            if delta_I / delta_V > -I_now / V_now
                R = R + 0.1; % Increase load
            else
                R = R - 0.1; % Decrease load
            end
        end
    end
    
    % Update previous data
    V_prev = V_now;
    I_prev = I_now;
    P_prev = P_now;
end

disp('MPPT algorithm simulation completed');

Related Technologies

❝

1. Hohm, D. P., & Ropp, M. E. (2000). Comparative study of maximum power point tracking algorithms using an experimental, programmable, maximum power point tracking test bed. Conference Record of the Twenty-Eighth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference. IEEE.
2. Patel, H., & Agarwal, V. (2008). MATLAB-based modeling to study the effects of partial shading on PV array characteristics. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 23(1), 302–310.
3. Texas Instruments. (2007). TMS320F28335 Digital Signal Controller (DSC) Technical Reference Manual. Texas Instruments Incorporated.

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