Ultrasonic Eye Protection Desk Lamp

1. Author: Cao Chenrui (9 years old)

2. Project Introduction:

Due to poor eye habits, the number of nearsighted children is increasing. How can we prevent children from becoming nearsighted? First, we need to ensure proper lighting; children often forget to turn on the desk lamp, so can we have an automatically opening desk lamp? Secondly, the posture while reading is also very important; lying down to read is absolutely not allowed. Can our desk lamp give a reminder? Lastly, sometimes children get so engrossed in reading that they forget to take breaks, which can lead to eye fatigue and affect vision. Considering these factors, we need a desk lamp that can help prevent nearsightedness. This desk lamp can sense the human body to control the switch, solving the problem of children forgetting to turn on the lamp. It can also control distance; if children are too close while reading, it will alert them; it can remind children to take breaks after a certain reading time. This way, even if parents are not watching, they can rest assured. This is truly a vision protection device that liberates parents!

This desk lamp combines electronic circuits, software programming, sensors, and other technologies, utilizing multidimensional intelligent judgment of space and time, employing the sensitive sensing function of ultrasonic sensors and the alarm function of buzzers, perfectly integrating program control and hardware manipulation.

Innovative Points:

1. Body sensing: Automatically turns on the lamp when someone approaches and turns it off when they leave;

2. Alerts when the distance is too close, controlling eye distance;

3. Alerts to take breaks after the lamp has been on for 10 minutes (duration can be set);

Application Value: By ensuring light, controlling eye distance and time, we can protect vision. Additionally, the automatic turn-off feature saves electricity and conserves energy;

Principle: The ultrasonic sensor detects distance. First, the ultrasonic sensor emits ultrasonic waves and starts timing. When the ultrasonic sensor receives the sound waves, timing stops. Since the emitted sound waves encounter obstacles and reflect back, it takes double the time, so we divide the timing by 2 and multiply by the speed of sound to find the distance. When the distance is below a set threshold, the lamp turns on; when it is below the safe distance for eyes, the buzzer alarms.

Materials Used: Wooden board, Arduino main control board, ultrasonic sensor, wires, power supply stabilizer board, adapter

Design Diagram:

Magical Medicine Bottle

1. Author: Di Cai (Middle School Teacher)

2. Project Introduction:

This project is a very practical ultrasonic distance measuring device made using an empty medicine bottle and some Arduino components combined with programming. Its effective measuring range is 2cm-300cm, with precision up to millimeter level. It can set an alarm distance, and when this distance is reached, it will emit an alarm sound. Its main features are the utilization of waste materials and practicality. Its primary use is to measure distances easily, quickly, and accurately at any time. By adding a buzzer distance alert function, it can sound an alarm when the set distance is reached, suitable for use in reversing radar or blind people’s canes.

Main Components: Arduino board, LCD062, Dupont wires, ultrasonic module, 9V battery, waste medicine bottle (just enough to hold all components)

Wiring Diagram Circuit Diagram:

Accurate Digital Wristwatch

1. Author: Jia Hui

2. Project Introduction:

Function: Under the control of Arduino Nano, the GPS module receives time signals in real-time and displays them on the OLED screen after parsing.

Features: The time comes from GPS real-time signals, with zero error; no local clock module is needed, updates the time every second, conforms to the daily digital clock display format; self-made experimental board, hardware connections are super simple; powered by a power bank, can be used continuously for half a month on a single charge.

Application Scenarios: Outdoor wearable devices

System Hardware Composition: Arduino self-made experimental board, actually only using the Arduino Nano controller and 12864 OLED display screen; GPS module + active antenna (can also use passive); power bank (5v output)

Hardware Connection: The OLED screen uses the IIC interface, connected to Arduino’s A4, A5 pins, the GPS module uses the soft serial ports 8, 9 connected to the expansion port, 5v power supply is brought into the board with Dupont wires. The GPS module is pre-configured to 9600 baud rate. When the GPS signal is not functioning properly, it displays the startup logo.

1. Author: Jia Zixuan

2. Project Introduction:

When the distance measured by ultrasonic waves is less than a certain distance, a small speaker alarms and makes a sound, indicating incorrect sitting posture. If the distance measured by ultrasonic waves is greater than a certain distance, the small speaker does not alarm and does not make a sound, indicating correct sitting posture.

Main Components: Ultrasonic sensor, small speaker, mainboard

Hardware Wiring Diagram:

Smart Timed Socket

1. Author: Lin Guangrong (Beta Robot Club)

2. Project Introduction:

Nowadays, most electronic products in life are rechargeable and portable, such as mobile phones and electric vehicles. Although the design of charger circuits has become increasingly perfect, basically all have the function of automatically disconnecting when fully charged, long-term use of circuits may age, component performance may degrade, and forgetting to unplug the charger after long-term charging can lead to waste of electricity. Moreover, frequent fire accidents caused by charger short circuits pose immeasurable property losses to society and users, and also pose safety threats to personal safety.

This smart timed socket can be set to charge for a specified time, and when the time is up, the socket automatically cuts off the power and emits a full charge alert sound, achieving energy-saving and eliminating electrical safety hazards; at the same time, the socket is equipped with a temperature detection module. When it detects high temperatures caused by electrical short circuits, the smart socket cuts off the power and emits a long alarm sound. The alarm sound can only be canceled after checking the hazard and manually resetting.

Equipment List:

Arduino UNO main control board, relay module: JQC-3FF-S-Z, buzzer module, BS18B20 temperature module, 2-digit LED module, 3-digit button module, TM1637 digital tube module, 5V1A DC power supply

Principle Diagram:

Anti-Theft Alarm Device

1. Author: Su Guolinbao (12 years old)

2. Project Introduction:

Project Development Background: I am a sixth-grade student. Why did I think of making such an alarm device? The phenomenon of burglary is not uncommon in our area. My neighbors across the hall and upstairs have been robbed at night without the owner noticing. It is believed that the thief may have used a drug to put them to sleep. Therefore, I have always wanted to create such an anti-theft device. Influenced by tomb raiding films, I had previously made several proud linkage devices. If a thief comes, touching my device would trigger the linkage device and sound the alarm, but I received only disdain from my parents, who said it was outdated. Until I learned about Arduino, I realized there are such things as sensors and execution modules, and I rekindled my hope. I want to make an anti-theft alarm device. Thieves usually enter through doors or windows, so I can place such a device above or beside the door frame or along the top of the window to achieve the purpose of anti-theft.

Project Description: Functions, Features, Application Scenarios, etc.

When the owner needs to rest at night, they press the activation button of this device (which has an indicator light). This device primarily uses an ultrasonic sensor as the input module. If installed on the side of the door, when no one passes through, the distance detected by the ultrasonic sensor is the width of the door frame. When someone passes, if the ultrasonic module detects a distance less than a certain value (the specific value needs to be tested: if installed on the side of the door, this value can be set to half the width of the door frame), it indicates that a thief has appeared. At this time, it activates the recording and playback module to alert the owner. Why does this alarm also have the effect of deterring thieves? Because thieves are inherently nervous, the playback is: “Hahaha (evil laughter), you finally came, I’ve been waiting for you, don’t think you can leave, hahaha,” hoping to scare the thief away.

Improvement Plans:

1. Currently, the recording playback uses the ISD1820 module, which has low volume and cannot deter thieves. If this module can be connected to the home stereo system and the volume set to maximum, the effect would be much better!

2. If the owner is not home during the day and the device is activated, when a thief appears, it could directly call the owner’s phone or send a message, and simultaneously dial 110 to report the incident. How great would that be!

The above two improvement plans are my ideas, but I am currently just a sixth-grade student, with limited knowledge, and I do not yet know how to implement these two functions, so I have only proposed improvement plans. In the future, I will continue to work hard to learn.

Main Components List:

Arduino UNO board, 1 switch (for use as a switch), 1 LED light (for switch indication), ultrasonic sensor, ISD1802 recording and playback module, external power box (four 1.5V batteries), several Dupont wires

Hardware Wiring Diagram:

Mechanical Arm Capable of Learning 30 Sets of Actions

1. Author: Zhe Haiqiang

2. Project Introduction: This project mainly consists of servos, PS2 controllers, and Arduino controllers, utilizing the PS2 controller to operate the mechanical arm’s up, down, left, right, and its rotation, using custom keys to learn the required actions.

Material List: MG996 servo, mechanical claw, gimbal, Arduino NANO + expansion board, PS2 controller, Dupont wires, 5V 2A power supply

Wiring Diagram:

Simple Non-Contact Hand Washing Device

1. Author: Zhong Weijun (Wenqing Experimental School, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province)

2. Project Introduction:

Creative Explanation: Currently, under the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, hand washing is a big issue for students at school. On one hand, school resources are limited, and there are not enough faucets, most of which are still manually operated. To avoid students gathering and eliminate the risk of cross-infection, this device attempts to use two buckets, supported by open-source hardware, to solve the hand washing issue on a class basis.

Principle: This device has two buckets, one with clean water, with a water pump placed inside the bucket. The water pipe is mounted on the vertical rod beside the bucket, and on the front of the vertical pole hangs open-source electronic kits (Arduino mainboard, relay, ultrasonic sensor). When the ultrasonic sensor detects an obstacle (person) at a distance of 20 centimeters, it activates the relay, which in turn starts the water pump. When the obstacle (person) moves away, the relay turns off, and the water pump also stops working.

List of Materials: Two buckets (preferably large), one water pump, one water pipe, one Arduino mainboard, one relay, several batteries, one ultrasonic sensor, several Dupont wires, and other auxiliary materials (one plastic box for placing electronic kits, zip ties, transparent ties, etc.), one vertical rod.

Multi-Functional Smart Car that Can Recite Ancient Poems

1. Author: Zhong Haotian

2. Project Introduction:

This project is a multi-functional smart interactive car designed and made based on the Arduino UNO development board, voice recognition module, and various sensor modules.

The shell of the car is designed and made using 3D printing technology. After achieving the basic walking function, we expanded its functions to include combustible gas leak alarms, fire source detection alarms, welcoming functions, real-time temperature broadcasting, smart car lights, touch sensing, and pick-up warnings. This car can not only be controlled to move forward, backward, and turn by voice but also interact and chat with it. Most importantly, it can recite ancient poems and perform multiplication. We have included all ancient poems from the book “70+80 Ancient Poems Every Primary School Student Must Recite.” When you say the name of a poem to the car, it starts reciting that poem. The sensors used in this project include: ultrasonic module, infrared sensor, light sensor, temperature sensor, tilt sensor, touch sensor, flame sensor, and combustible gas detection sensor. This project aims to help children understand the working principles of various sensors and cultivate students’ problem-solving, hands-on practice, and innovative thinking abilities.

Function Introduction:

a. Reciting ancient poems

When you say to the car: “Xiao Zhuang classmate,” the car replies: “I’m here,” then say the name of the poem, and the car starts reciting that poem.

b. Performing simple arithmetic (multiplication tables)

When you say to the car: “Xiao Zhuang classmate,” the car replies: “I’m here,” then ask questions about the multiplication tables from 1 to 9, and the car will provide the answers. For example, if you say: “What is 8 times 8?” the car will answer: “It equals 64.”

c. Combustible gas leak alarm, fire source detection alarm

Last year, our city experienced two explosions caused by natural gas leaks. To avoid such tragedies from happening again, we added a combustible gas leak alarm function to the car. When the car detects combustible gas, it automatically verbally warns: “Combustible gas detected, please pay attention to safety,” and then sounds an alarm.

When the car detects a fire source, it automatically verbally warns: “Fire! Fire! Quickly escape!” and then sounds the 119 alarm.

d. Welcoming function

When the welcoming mode is activated, the car automatically says: “Hello, xxxx, welcome!” when it detects someone.

e. Real-time temperature broadcasting

When you say to the car: “Xiao Zhuang classmate,” the car replies: “I’m here,” then ask: “What is the current temperature?” The car will broadcast the current temperature in real-time.

f. Smart car lights

When it gets dark, the car will automatically turn on the lights and verbally warn: “It’s dark, I’ve turned on the lights for you.”

g. Touch sensing

When you touch the button on the car, it will verbally warn: “Hey, why are you touching me?” If you say: “You’re blocking my way,” the car will respond: “Then I’ll move out of the way,” and then move forward a certain distance.

h. Pick-up warning

When the car is picked up, it will verbally warn: “Hey, what are you doing? Quickly put me down, or I will call the police!” and then start sounding an alarm.

i. Voice interaction function

You can interact and converse with the car, asking it common questions, and you can also control the car’s movements with your voice.

2.4G Remote Control

This car uses a self-made 2.4G remote control to operate the car’s movements: forward, backward, left turn, right turn, and control the lights on or off, featuring long receiving distance and high sensitivity.

Main Component List: Arduino UNO R3 development board, voice recognition module, ultrasonic sensor, flame sensor, combustible gas sensor, tilt sensor, light sensor, infrared sensor, LM35D temperature sensor, touch sensor, servo, 370 motor, L298N motor driver board, 2.4G remote control module, 18650 battery

Hardware Wiring Diagram:

Courtyard Commander

1. Author: Zhu Xiangrong (Gansu Dingxi Polytechnic Secondary School)

2. Project Introduction:

Project Description: This system integrates comprehensive courtyard management tasks, utilizing the Arduino hardware platform to automate the opening and closing of garage doors, manage courtyard lighting, automatically adjust solar photovoltaic panels, irrigate courtyard flower beds, monitor outdoor temperature and humidity in real-time, manage room ventilation systems, and play background music. It shares various collected data and management information to platforms such as Alibaba Cloud, Tencent Cloud, OneNET, Baidu Cloud, AWS, and Google Cloud for real-time management and shared management by multiple users. It successfully realizes the IoT and intelligent management of many projects, centralizing all on-site management tasks onto mobile phones and enabling voice assistant control of various devices.

Materials Used:

Main control board, wireless transceiver module, motor driver board, humidity sensor module, 9g servo, photovoltaic panel, Bluetooth audio receiver module, three-in-one relay module, drinking water pump accessories, LM317 voltage regulator module, flashing light module, automatic door, auxiliary materials.

Project Design Diagram:

Three-Wheeled Remote-Controlled Cleaning Car

1. Author: Duan Junhan (Hebei Baoding Normal University Affiliated School)

2. Project Introduction: This project consists of an Arduino development board, servos, motors, batteries, and infrared remote control/receiver. It has a simple structure and is easy to use. It can be used to clean corners and gaps under tables with its built-in broom. Since it can be powered off-grid, there is no distance limitation.

Material List: SG90 servo (180 degrees), wheels (with motors), infrared wireless remote control kit, Dupont wires (male to male, 15cm), 9V battery, 9V battery holder/adaptor cable/battery box, cardboard, cotton swabs.

Wiring Diagram:

Marine Lighting and Seawater Desalination System Simulation

1. Author: Zhao Chenxu (Yigao Robotics)

2. Project Introduction: Land resources are being over-exploited by people, and new energy needs to be continuously supplemented. The exploration of resources at sea has just begun. People need to establish a city at sea, and the first issue to address is the power generation system and seawater desalination. We first solve part of the lighting electricity supply, simulating wind power generation, and then simulate the seawater desalination system.

Main Functions:

a. Simulating wind power generation system through four rod-style fans.

b. The seawater desalination system is demonstrated with a small water pump circulating through pipes.

c. Through this system, I have learned about the Arduino UNO board, expansion board, motor driver board, and relay, and the knowledge scope is quite broad.

d. In terms of programming, collecting the L293D library files also took some effort, and I learned how to use it.

Material List:

Arduino board, Arduino expansion board, L293D driver board, relay, LED lights, wires, batteries, small water pump.

Wiring Diagram:

Mobile Traffic Light

1. Author: Liu Xiao (Dongfanghong Middle School, Dingxi City, Gansu Province)

2. Project Introduction:

Function: Using the Arduino UNO board, LEDs, resistors, 74HC74595, digital tubes, potentiometers, and switch buttons to demonstrate a mobile traffic light in daily life.

Features: Using 74HC74595 to drive digital tubes for countdown, using potentiometers to select countdown numbers, and using LEDs and resistors to achieve alternating display of traffic signals.

Application Scenario: Crossroads

Main Component List: Arduino UNO board, LED lights, resistors (100Ω), resistors (560Ω), 74HC74595, two-digit digital tubes, potentiometer, switch button.

Wiring Diagram:

Handheld Real-Time Temperature and Humidity Monitoring

1. Author: Qiao Haohua

2. Project Introduction:

Handheld monitoring of indoor temperature and humidity data, making it easier for the owner to understand the indoor situation.

Project Features:

a. Remote real-time monitoring of indoor temperature and humidity based on Shell IoT.

b. Indoor temperature and humidity data can be viewed through WeChat mini-program or APP.

c. The program shell is simply packaged using a delivery box, with the Arduino UNO R3 mainboard, battery box, and other modules fixed inside; it is small and lightweight.

Material List:

Arduino UNO R3 controller, ESP8266 module, DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, Dupont wires, battery box, dry batteries.

Hardware Wiring Diagram:

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