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Editor’s Note: There are numerous terms and definitions in the field of ecological environment protection, closely related to ecological environment law enforcement, judicial processes, and ecological environment management. This article extracts relevant terms and definitions from current laws, regulations, ecological environment standards, and technical specifications in the field of water pollution prevention and control for the readers! Reproduction and dissemination are welcome, please indicate the source, thank you!
Farmland Irrigation Water
Farmland irrigation water refers to water supplied to farmland through artificial means, either directly or via channels and pipes, to meet the growth needs of crops.
——《Farmland Irrigation Water Quality Standards》（GB 5084—2021 replaces GB 5084—2005、GB 22573—2008、GB 22574—2008）3.1
Paddy Field Crops
Paddy field crops are crops suitable for growth in flooded paddy field environments, such as rice.
——《Farmland Irrigation Water Quality Standards》（GB 5084—2021 replaces GB 5084—2005、GB 22573—2008、GB 22574—2008）3.2
Dry Land Crops
Dry land crops are crops suitable for growth in dry land and non-flooded environments, such as wheat, corn, and cotton.
——《Farmland Irrigation Water Quality Standards》（GB 5084—2021 replaces GB 5084—2005、GB 22573—2008、GB 22574—2008）3.3
River Discharge Outlets
The term “river discharge outlets” refers to the openings through which wastewater is discharged directly or via pipelines, ditches, or other channels into rivers, lakes, canals, and reservoirs.
——《Supervision and Management Measures for River Discharge Outlets》Article 3, Paragraph 1
Setting of River Discharge Outlets
The term “setting of river discharge outlets” includes the establishment, modification, or expansion of river discharge outlets. Establishment refers to the initial construction or use of a river discharge outlet; modification refers to significant changes in the discharge location, method, etc., of an existing river discharge outlet; expansion refers to the increase in the discharge capacity of an existing river discharge outlet.
——《Supervision and Management Measures for River Discharge Outlets》Article 3, Paragraph 2
Water Pollution
Water pollution refers to the phenomenon where the characteristics of water bodies are altered in terms of chemical, physical, biological, or radioactive aspects due to the introduction of certain substances, thereby affecting the effective utilization of water, harming human health, or damaging the ecological environment, resulting in water quality deterioration.
——《Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People’s Republic of China（2017 Revision）Article 102, Item 1
Water Pollutants
Water pollutants refer to substances that are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies and can lead to water pollution.
——《Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People’s Republic of China（2017 Revision）Article 102, Item 2
Toxic Pollutants
Toxic pollutants refer to those substances that, when directly or indirectly ingested by organisms, may cause diseases, abnormal behavior, genetic mutations, physiological dysfunction, deformities, or death in those organisms or their offspring.
——《Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People’s Republic of China（2017 Revision）Article 102, Item 3
Whole Effluent Toxicity
Whole effluent toxicity refers to the toxicity of water characterized by toxicity tests on aquatic organisms or microorganisms, which is derived from standardized tests on freshwater, seawater, and mixed zone microorganisms, plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates to assess the acute or chronic toxicity of the water.
——《Pesticide Industry Wastewater Discharge Standards（GB 21523—2024 replaces GB 21523—2008）3.20
Noxious Liquid Substances
Noxious liquid substances refer to substances that are harmful to the water environment or human health or that may cause damage to the utilization of water resources, including those listed in the types of pollutants specified in the International Bulk Chemical Transport Dangerous Goods Ship Construction and Equipment Rules (IBC Rules) Chapter 17 or 18, or any substances temporarily classified as Class X, Y, or Z substances under Annex II, Article 6.3 of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL).
——《Ship Wastewater Discharge Control Standards（GB 3552-2018 replaces GB 3552-83）3.8
Sewage
Sewage refers to the total water discharged during production and living activities.
——《Technical Specifications for Setting Monitoring Points for Pollutant Discharge Outlets of Polluting Units（HJ 1405—2024）3.5
Sewage refers to the total water discharged during production and living activities.
——《Comprehensive Sewage Discharge Standards（GB 8978-1996 replaces GB 8978-88）3.1
Wastewater Containing Noxious Liquid Substances
Wastewater containing noxious liquid substances refers to wastewater generated by ships during activities such as tank cleaning that contains noxious liquid substances.
——《Ship Wastewater Discharge Control Standards（GB 3552-2018 replaces GB 3552-83）3.9
Oily Wastewater
Oily wastewater refers to wastewater generated during ship operations that contains crude oil, fuel oil, lubricating oil, and other petroleum products and their residues, including oily wastewater from machinery and oily wastewater containing cargo oil residues.
——《Ship Wastewater Discharge Control Standards（GB 3552-2018 replaces GB 3552-83）3.6
Domestic Sewage
Domestic sewage refers to wastewater generated mainly from human activities on ships, including:
a) Discharges from any form of toilets and other waste;
b) Discharges from sinks and bathtubs in medical rooms (pharmacies, wards, etc.) and the drainage holes of these places;
c) Discharges from places containing live animals;
d) Other wastewater mixed with the above discharges or waste.
——《Ship Wastewater Discharge Control Standards（GB 3552-2018 replaces GB 3552-83）3.7
Process Wastewater
Process wastewater refers to wastewater discharged from production equipment after direct contact with materials during the petroleum refining industry. Process wastewater includes oily wastewater, alkaline wastewater, sulfur-containing and ammonia-containing acidic water, benzene-containing wastewater, saline wastewater, etc.
——《Petroleum Refining Industry Pollutant Discharge Standards（GB 31570-2015，including2024revision）3.3
Petroleum Refining Industry Wastewater
Petroleum refining industry wastewater refers to wastewater generated during the production process of the petroleum refining industry, including process wastewater, contaminated rainwater (mixed with process wastewater), domestic sewage, circulating cooling water discharge, chemical water treatment discharge, steam generator discharge, and waste heat boiler discharge.
——《Petroleum Refining Industry Pollutant Discharge Standards（GB 31570-2015，including2024revision）3.2
Alkaline Wastewater
Alkaline wastewater refers to wastewater generated during the petroleum refining industry production process, which contains alkaline substances.
——《Petroleum Refining Industry Pollutant Discharge Standards（GB 31570-2015，including2024revision）3.5
Wastewater Collection and Transportation System
The wastewater collection and transportation system refers to the total system used for collecting, storing, and transporting wastewater, including floor drains, pipes, ditches, connecting wells, collection pools, tanks, etc.
——《Petroleum Refining Industry Pollutant Discharge Standards（GB 31570-2015，including2024revision）3.8
Discharge of Wastewater
Discharge of wastewater refers to the total amount of wastewater discharged by production facilities or enterprises beyond their legal boundaries, including various types of wastewater directly or indirectly related to production (such as domestic sewage, cooling wastewater, boiler and power station discharges, etc.).
——《Wastewater Comprehensive Discharge Standards（GB 8978-1996 replaces GB 8978-88）3.1
Concentrated Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Concentrated wastewater treatment facilities refer to wastewater treatment facilities that provide wastewater treatment services for two or more polluting units, including various scales and types of urban wastewater treatment facilities, industrial clusters (economic and technological development zones, high-tech industrial development zones, export processing zones, etc.) wastewater treatment facilities, and other shared wastewater treatment facilities.
——《Wastewater Comprehensive Discharge Standards（GB 21523—2024 replaces GB 21523—2008）3.3
Keywords
Keywords: Water Pollution, Water Quality Standards, Wastewater Treatment, Pollutants, Environmental Protection