1 Problem

In Python, classes and instances are both a focus and a challenge. They make the code more logical and clarify the relationships between instances. A class is a template used to define the properties and structure of objects, while an instance is a specific object created from a class, possessing the properties and methods of the class, and can operate and access independently.

2 Methods

1. In the context of classes, one of the most challenging aspects is understanding how to use the required object to output it using a function. Let’s look at a simple example:Code Listing 1
   

   class Rectangle: # First, we need to define a class name def __init__(self, wide): # Here we define a width property self.wide = wide def a(self): # This indicates that this instance has the properties of the above class return self.wide # This indicates the property to be outputb = Rectangle(5) # Here we assign a value to the class propertyB.a() # Execute the instance’s function

2. Secondly, there is another important definition in classes called inheritance, which allows the output of multiple properties of the same type through the creation of subclasses:

Code Listing 2

The above code adds a subclass based on the class, inheriting all properties from the parent class. The properties are variable, which can save most of the code when calculating multiple properties of the same type of instances, making the code more visually appealing.

3 Conclusion

The main method to master classes is to clearly distinguish the relationship between parent and child classes, avoiding confusion of the required data; secondly, the self keyword must be included during subsequent executions, otherwise the code will not run. Additionally, subsequent assignments are crucial; it is important to distinguish which are definitions of instances and which are executions of instances to avoid wasting time without achieving results.