Scientists Reveal Reward Learning Pathway Mediated by Somatostatin Neurons

Scientists Reveal Reward Learning Pathway Mediated by Somatostatin Neurons

Assessing the positive or negative valence of external sensory cues and translating them into appropriate behavioral responses is crucial for animal survival in complex or challenging environments. Negative valence signals lead to aversive/avoidance behaviors, while positive valence signals promote reward/approach behaviors. Much previous research has focused on the neural structures within the emotional processing network … Read more

Neuroanatomy and Function of Human Sexual Behavior

Neuroanatomy and Function of Human Sexual Behavior

Introduction: Sexual desire, arousal, and climax are mediated by complex, yet not fully understood, interactions of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems operating at both central and peripheral levels. Disruption of endocrine, neural, or vascular responses caused by aging, medical illnesses, neurological diseases, surgery, or medications can lead to sexual dysfunction, significantly affecting the quality … Read more