In microcontroller development, many engineers choose assembly language for low-level programming to directly control hardware and execute commands efficiently. However, since assembly language interacts directly with hardware, it is easy to make mistakes. This article summarizes common errors in microcontroller assembly language based on the Keil C51 assembler environment, hoping to assist fellow engineers. 1. … Read more
Translated from https://www.praetorian.com/blog/reversing-and-exploiting-embedded-devices-part-1-the-software-stack Author Elvis Collado Posted Thursday, June 02, 2016, 11:17 AM CDT by In the past few months, I have been traveling to guide people on how to exploit vulnerabilities in embedded devices. Just slides are not sufficient to convey enough information, so I have written everything down for better knowledge digestion. The … Read more
The chips I have used before include: AT89C51, 2051, PIC16C711, 16F84, LPC76X, ADuC812/834 However, after seeing AVR, I think AVR has many advantages: 1. It has a 10-bit A/D converter, which generally meets the basic requirements for industrial control; 2. It comes with FLASH and EEPROM, especially the EEPROM, which can store logic bombs to … Read more
Click the blue text to follow us 1. Overview of Microcontroller Programming Languages 1. Three commonly used programming languages for microcontrollers Machine Language Refers to programming directly using machine code, which can be executed directly by the computer. Assembly Language Refers to programming languages that use mnemonic codes to replace machine code. High-Level Language The … Read more
1. Introduction Many beginners in microcontrollers often ask me, “I am currently a microcontroller beginner, how can I learn it faster? Where should I start?” Regarding this question, I would like to share my thoughts on how I learned microcontrollers, how to get started, and how to become proficient. First, let’s talk about microcontrollers. The … Read more
Bus: Refers to the information transmission line that serves multiple components. In microcomputer systems, various components communicate with each other through the bus. Address Bus (AB): The address bus is unidirectional and is used to transmit address information. The width of the address bus is 16 bits, thus allowing direct addressing of 64K external memory. … Read more
The MSP430 microcontroller is a microcontroller launched by Texas Instruments (TI) in 1996. It is a 16-bit ultra-low-power microcontroller with a Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) architecture. However, many beginners are not very familiar with the MSP430 compared to other microcontrollers like the 51 and STM32. Below, we will explain the MSP430 microcontroller, hoping to … Read more
A microcontroller, full name single-chip microcomputer (English: Single-Chip Microcomputer), also known as a microcontroller, is a microcomputer that integrates the central processing unit, memory, timer/counter, and various input/output interfaces all on one integrated circuit chip. Compared to the general-purpose microprocessors used in personal computers, it emphasizes self-sufficiency (no external hardware required) and cost savings. Its … Read more
Computer Science Assembly Optimization of an AES-128-CTR Algorithm Based on a Cortex-M4 Core Dongxuan YANG1, Ganggang ZHANG2, Xinliang LIU1 1. School of E-commerce and Logistics, Beijing Technology and Business University; 2. Digital Campus, Capital Normal University Abstract: With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, embedded hardware products face great challenges in data security. … Read more
Although there are countless books and materials about assembly language available on the market, do you find it hard to get started? Even though they are all comprehensible Chinese characters, do they become incomprehensible when combined? You can understand them, but when you get to the practical operation, you get stuck. Do you feel the … Read more