Introduction to HTTP Protocol The HTTP protocol is a text-based transmission protocol that operates at the application layer of the OSI network model. The HTTP protocol communicates through request-response interactions between clients and servers. The protocol has been split from the previous RFC 2616 into six separate protocol specifications (RFC 7230, RFC 7231, RFC 7232, … Read more
What is Bluetooth Man-in-the-Middle Attack? A man-in-the-middle attack occurs when an attacker inserts themselves between two devices, intercepting their communication and possibly altering the data, often without the users’ knowledge. In Bluetooth, this typically happens with Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices, such as smartwatches. How the attack is carried out: 1.The attacker must be within … Read more
When using Python for data collection, we often encounter error messages like the one below: URLError: <urlopen error[SSL:CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED]> Cause Analysis: The first reason is that if a self-signed certificate is used, the internal server or development environment may employ a self-signed SSL certificate. Since these certificates are not signed by a public Certificate Authority (CA), … Read more