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Clang compiles faster than GCC, including time for preprocessing, syntax analysis, parsing, semantic analysis, and abstract syntax tree generation.
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Clang uses less memory than GCC.
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The intermediate products generated by Clang are smaller than those generated by GCC.
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Clang provides more user-friendly error messages than GCC.
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Clang supports static analysis, while GCC does not.
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Clang uses the BSD license, while GCC uses the GPL license.
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Clang was designed from the ground up as an API, allowing it to be integrated with source code analysis tools and IDEs. In contrast, GCC was built as a single static compiler, making it very difficult to integrate as an API into other tools.
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GCC supports more languages than Clang, such as Java.
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GCC supports more platforms than Clang.
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GCC is more popular than Clang.
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Architecture and Design:
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Clang: Based on the LLVM project, it adopts a modular design, allowing its frontend, optimization, and backend to be developed and replaced independently. This structure gives Clang an advantage in scalability and maintainability.
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GCC: With a long history, it uses a more traditional design, tightly coupling the frontend and backend. Although powerful, it is not as modular or scalable as Clang.
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Compilation Speed and Code Generation:
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Clang: Typically provides faster compilation speed, especially in incremental compilation. Additionally, the code generated by Clang can be better optimized in certain cases.
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GCC: In some complex optimization scenarios, GCC may generate more efficient machine code, but its overall compilation speed is relatively slower.
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Error and Warning Messages:
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Clang: Provides more user-friendly error and warning messages, which are usually more readable and help developers quickly locate issues.
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GCC: Error messages are relatively concise but may not be intuitive in some cases.
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Cross-Platform Support:
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Clang: Has good support across multiple platforms, especially excelling in macOS and iOS development.
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GCC: Widely supported, especially as the default compiler in Linux environments, suitable for various architectures and platforms.
Source | ARM Study Community
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