1. Fill in the blanks
1.
(P9) Microcontrollers are commonly referred to as Embedded Microcontroller Units (EMCU) or Microcontroller Units (MCU).
2.
(P9) Microcontrollers utilize ultra-large scale integration technology to integrate functional components such as Central Processing Units (CPU), Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), Flash memory, parallel I/O interfaces,, serial communication interfaces, interrupt systems, timers/counters, etc., all onto a single chip.
3.
(P10) Microcontrollers can be classified based on the bit width of the data bus into 4-bit, 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit.
4.
(P11~12) The application fields of microcontrollers include smart instruments and meters, industrial intelligent control, smart home appliances, networking and communication, medical devices, automotive electronics, office automation equipment, aerospace, and weaponry.
5.
(P13) The development trend of microcontrollers is towards high performance, large capacity memory, integration of peripheral components, low power consumption, and ease of programming.
6.
(P4~5) A microprocessor refers to a central processing unit composed of one or several large-scale integrated circuits that have computational and control functions. A microprocessor mainly consists of Arithmetic Logic Units (ALU), registers, and Control Units (CU), and it is the main component of a microcomputer.
7.
(P5) A microcomputer mainly consists of a microprocessor (CPU), memory, input/output interface circuits, and system buses.
8.
(P7~8) The software of a microcomputer system is divided into system software, application software, and user software.
9.
(P8~9) The performance indicators of a microcomputer system include word length, memory capacity, computational speed, expandability, and software configuration.
2. Multiple Choice Questions
1.
(P16) The maximum operating frequency of the AT89S52 microcontroller is MHz.
A. 6 B. 12 C. 24 D. 33
2.
(P15) The AT89S52 is based on the core.
A. AVR B. 8051 C. ARM D. 8031
3.
(P16) The AVR microcontroller uses instruction set.
A. CISC B. RISC C. Other D. None
4.
(P20) The minimum operating voltage of the STC15 series microcontroller is .
A. 2.5V B. 5V C. 3.3V D. 5.5V
Supplementary questions from Learning通:
5.
(P16) The minimum operating voltage of the AT89S52 microcontroller is ( ).
A. 2.5V B. 5V C. 3.3V D. 5.5V
6.
(P14) What does IAP stand for ( )?
A. In-System Programming B. In-Application Programming
7.
(P14) What does ISP stand for ( )?
A. In-Application Programming B. In-System Programming ISP, also known as online programming
8.
(P16) What does the “S” in the AT89S52 microcontroller model mean ( )?
A. The microcontroller has serial download Flash B. The microcontroller does not have serial download Flash
C. The microcontroller has parallel download Flash D. The microcontroller does not have parallel download Flash
9.
(P10, 15) Based on the bit width of the data bus, the AT89S52 microcontroller is a ( ) bit microcontroller?
A. 4 B. 8 C. 16 D. 64
10.
The internal data of the microcontroller is represented in binary form mainly because of ( )
A. For programming convenience B. Limited by the physical properties of the device
C. For universality D. To improve computational speed
11.
Using microcontrollers in household appliances should belong to the microcomputer’s ( )
A. Auxiliary design applications B. Measurement and control applications
C. Numerical calculation applications D. Data processing applications
Note: Learning通 treats the calculation questions in the post-class questions as multiple-choice questions, and the remaining multiple-choice questions are from the calculation questions.
3. Short Answer Questions
1.
(P16) What does the “S” in the AT89S52 microcontroller model mean?
“S” indicates that it has serial download Flash.
2.
(P14) What do ISP and IAP stand for?
ISP stands for In-System Programming, which is also known as online programming. It only requires an ISP download line connected to the computer’s USB port (or other serial ports) to write the program code from the computer into the microcontroller’s Flash memory online, eliminating the need for traditional programmers/debuggers, making the programming process simpler.
IAP stands for In-Application Programming, which allows for online modification of a part of the program without affecting other parts of the system, making online application upgrades very convenient.
3.
(P4~5) What are microprocessors, microcomputers, and microcomputer systems?
A microprocessor, abbreviated as MPU (Microprocessor Unit) or CPU, is a central processing unit composed of one or several large-scale integrated circuits that have computational and control functions. A microprocessor mainly consists of Arithmetic Logic Units (ALU), registers, and Control Units (CU), and it is the main component of a microcomputer.
A microcomputer, abbreviated as MC (Microcomputer) or μC, is centered around a microprocessor (CPU) and is equipped with a certain capacity of memory (RAM, ROM) and input/output interface circuits. These three parts are connected through a system bus to form a microcomputer.
A microcomputer system, abbreviated as MCS (Microcomputer System) or μCS, is centered around a microcomputer and is equipped with corresponding peripheral devices, auxiliary circuits, and power supply (collectively referred to as hardware), as well as system software that directs the microcomputer’s operations, forming a complete microcomputer system.
4. Calculation Questions
1.
Calculate the following using binary addition and determine if there is an overflow using the “double high bit discrimination method.” If there is, is it a positive or negative overflow? 50+84, -33+(-37), -90+(-70), 72-8
86H, overflow; BAH, no overflow; 60H, overflow; 40H, no overflow.
2.
Write the original code, inverse code, and complement code for the following numbers (assuming a machine word length of 8 bits). +1010011B, -0101100B, -32, +47
(1) [X] original [X]_original [X] original = [X] inverse [X]_inverse [X] inverse = [X] complement [X]_complement [X] complement = 0101 0011B = 53H
(2) [X] original [X]_original [X] original = 1010 1100B, [X] inverse [X]_inverse [X] inverse = 1101 0011B, [X] complement [X]_complement [X] complement = 1101 0100B = D4H
(3) [X] original [X]_original [X] original = 1010 0000B, [X] inverse [X]_inverse [X] inverse = 1101 1111B, [X] complement [X]_complement [X] complement = 1110 0000B = E0H
(4) [X] original [X]_original [X] original = [X] inverse [X]_inverse [X] inverse = [X] complement [X]_complement [X] complement = 0010 1111B = 2FH