1．【2023·Guangdong·Unified Exam Questions】
The following options regarding the plot of “Journey to the West” all mention the moment when Tang Seng recites the “Tightening Spell” to Sun Wukong, which is ()
A．The Four Saints Test Zen Heart, Three Strikes of the White Bone Spirit B．Three Strikes of the White Bone Spirit, True and False Monkey King
C．The Duel of the Carriage Country, True and False Monkey King D．The Four Saints Test Zen Heart, The Duel of the Carriage Country
【Answer】B
【Explanation】This question tests knowledge of the plot of the classic.
The Four Saints Test Zen Heart: According to the twenty-third chapter of “Journey to the West”, after crossing the Flowing Sand River, one day, the four disciples passed by a house and requested to stay overnight. This family had three daughters, and the hostess intended to recruit them as sons-in-law, persuading them. The others were indifferent, but only Zhu Bajie was tempted. At night, when the others were resting, Zhu Bajie went to find the hostess, calling her mother-in-law, but was ultimately teased by her three daughters, who tied him up and hung him on a tree for the night. The next morning, he learned that it was a test by several Bodhisattvas, and only Zhu Bajie failed the test and needed to change; at this point, Tang Seng did not recite the “Tightening Spell” to Sun Wukong;
Three Strikes of the White Bone Spirit: According to the twenty-seventh chapter of “Journey to the West”, when Tang Seng and his disciples reached the White Tiger Ridge, they encountered the White Bone Spirit disguised as a village girl, an old woman, and an old man, all of whom were recognized and killed by Sun Wukong. Tang Seng, unable to distinguish between humans and demons, blamed Sun Wukong for his reckless killing and sent him back to Flower Fruit Mountain. After losing Sun Wukong’s protection, Tang Seng was captured by the White Bone Spirit. After Zhu Bajie escaped, he went to Flower Fruit Mountain to retrieve Sun Wukong. Despite their past grievances, Sun Wukong saved Tang Seng, and only then did Tang Seng realize his mistake. Here, Tang Seng recited the “Tightening Spell” to Sun Wukong;
True and False Monkey King: According to the fifty-seventh chapter of “Journey to the West”, Tang Seng, after Sun Wukong killed a bandit, drove him away again. The Six-Eared Macaque took the opportunity to disguise himself as Sun Wukong, stealing their luggage and transforming the little demons into the forms of Tang Seng, Zhu Bajie, and Sha Seng, intending to deceive them into obtaining the true scriptures. The two Monkey Kings fought from the sky to the ground, and even the Bodhisattvas, Jade Emperor, and Ksitigarbha could not distinguish between them until they reached the Thunder Sound Temple, where the Buddha revealed their true identities, and the Macaque was killed by Sun Wukong. Here, Tang Seng recited the “Tightening Spell” to Sun Wukong;
The Duel of the Carriage Country: According to the forty-sixth chapter of “Journey to the West”, the king of the Carriage Country promoted Daoism and suppressed Buddhism. The three great immortals reported to the king that Sun Wukong and others had killed the Taoist priests and impersonated the Three Pure Ones. The king ordered Tang Seng and others to compete with the three great immortals for rain. The Great Immortal Hu Li first ascended the platform to perform magic, summoning the gods of wind, clouds, and mist, and the four sea dragon kings, but was blocked by Sun Wukong’s magic, resulting in no rain. Sun Wukong ascended the platform, and thunder and wind roared, pouring rain. Hu Li and Tang Seng sat in meditation on high platforms. Hu Li transformed into a bug to bite Tang Seng, while Sun Wukong transformed into a centipede to attack Hu Li and the great immortal, causing him to fall. They bet on the items in the cabinet, betting on beheading, disemboweling, and bathing in oil; due to Sun Wukong’s clever strategy, all three great immortals lost. Here, Tang Seng did not recite the “Tightening Spell” to Sun Wukong;
Thus, it can be concluded that Tang Seng recited the “Tightening Spell” to Sun Wukong in: Three Strikes of the White Bone Spirit, True and False Monkey King;
Therefore, the answer is B.
2．【2023·Heilongjiang Qiqihar·Unified Exam Questions】
The following statement about the content of the classic is incorrect ()
A．”How the Steel Was Tempered” depicts a broad social picture from the First World War, through the October Revolution, the Civil War, to the period of economic recovery through the growth experience of Paul, and is known as a “textbook of life”.
B．The first long chapter of Chinese literature praising peasant uprisings, “Water Margin”, adopts a chain structure of first separating and then combining, with the plot tightly linked. The most exciting part of the book is the ranking of Liangshan heroes, and the low point of the book is the gathering of souls in Liao’er Wa.
C．In “The Scholars”, the scene where Zhou Jin crashes into the gong board in the examination hall and rolls on the ground crying exaggeratedly depicts the ugly state of scholars obsessed with fame.
D．”Journey to the West” is one of the most imaginative works in Chinese classical literature, and the story is captivating. The stories related to Sun Wukong, such as the havoc in Heaven, the three strikes of the White Bone Spirit, breaking the glazed lamp, and the three adjustments of the banana fan, are particularly exciting.
【Answer】D
【Explanation】This question tests knowledge of the classics.
D. According to “Journey to the West”, it is known that the one who broke the glazed lamp was Sha Seng, which has nothing to do with “Sun Wukong”;
Therefore, the answer is D.
3.【2023·Xinjiang·Unified Exam Questions】
Chinese classical novels have created a large number of vivid characters, most of whom have distinct personalities and leave a deep impression. The following pairing is incorrect ()
A．Zhang Gai——Tuo Ta Tian Wang——Three Defeats of Gao Taiwei B．Wu Yong——Zhi Duo Xing——Zhi Zhuan Yu Qi Lin
C．Sun Wukong——Dou Zhan Sheng Fo——Ji Dao Zi Jin Ling D．Luo Cha Nu——Tie Shan Gong Zhu——Three Adjustments of the Banana Fan
【Answer】A
【Explanation】This question tests knowledge of the plot of the classics.
The one who defeated Gao Taiwei three times was Song Jiang;
Therefore, the answer is A.
4.【2023·Beijing·Unified Exam Questions】
“High light moment” can be understood as the moment when a person is at the peak state. Choose a character from “Journey to the West”, “Rickshaw Boy”, “How the Steel Was Tempered”, or “Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea” to describe this character’s high light moment. (Requirement: Write out the specific “moment”, narrate the relevant content, summarize the character’s characteristics or spiritual qualities, about 100 words)
【Answer】
Example: In “Journey to the West”, Sun Wukong’s “high light” moment is the havoc in Heaven. Sun Wukong steals the peaches, destroys the Queen Mother’s peach banquet, and then steals the elixir from Taishang Laojun before returning to Flower Fruit Mountain. The Jade Emperor sends Li Tianwang to capture him, but in the end, the Jade Emperor orders the Buddha to come. The Buddha presses Sun Wukong under the Five Elements Mountain. Sun Wukong does not fear power and resists the heavenly court, which is admirable.
【Explanation】
This question tests knowledge of the content of the classics and character analysis. You can choose a character from one of the classics, write out the specific “high light moment”, narrate its content, and summarize its characteristics.
Example 1: In “Rickshaw Boy”, the high light moment of Xiangzi is when he buys a new rickshaw for ninety-six yuan. Xiangzi saves money and works hard for three years to buy a new rickshaw, demonstrating his hardworking and capable character.
Example 2: In “How the Steel Was Tempered”, Paul’s high light moment is completing the creation of “Born from the Storm”. Paul, paralyzed and blind, overcomes suicidal thoughts on his sickbed and begins to write. With the help of his mother and wife, he completes the work. Paul’s perseverance in overcoming physical and mental pain reflects his steel-like will.
Example 3: In “Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea”, Captain Nemo’s high light moment is when he bravely fights a shark. An Indian pearl diver is attacked by a large shark, and Captain Nemo rushes out to fight the shark, ultimately killing it. Captain Nemo’s bravery and calmness are commendable.
5.【2023·Zhejiang Hangzhou·Unified Exam Questions】
The following novels are rich in imagination. Please choose one and select an unusual detail that impresses you, and discuss how it transcends reality.
|
□”Journey to the West” □”Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea” □”Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows” □”Gulliver’s Travels” |
【Answer】
Example 1: In “Journey to the West”, the Banana Fan of the Iron Fan Princess can make people and things disappear without a trace. The fan cannot burn people or things to eighty-four thousand miles.
Example 2: In “Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea”, Captain Nemo fights a shark while pearl diving in the Indian Ocean. The pearl diver is attacked by a large shark, and Captain Nemo rushes out to fight the shark, ultimately killing it. Nemo’s strength in defeating the shark is unrealistic.
Example 3: In “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows”, Harry and his friends ride on the back of a dragon, flying and flying. When the dragon approaches a lake, they jump down together, injured but admiring their spoils—a small golden cup. Dragons do not exist in real life.
Example 4: In “Gulliver’s Travels”, in the land of the little people, several court ministers call for Gulliver to extinguish a fire in the palace at midnight. The fire is too fierce, and water is useless. Gulliver, in a fit of rage, urinates on the fire, and in three minutes, the fire is extinguished, saving the royal buildings from destruction. A single urination cannot extinguish a fire.
【Explanation】
This question tests the ability to accumulate stories about imaginative plots in novels.
Example 1: In “Journey to the West”, during the Daughter Kingdom, Tang Seng and Zhu Bajie accidentally drink the water from the Mother River and become pregnant. Sun Wukong retrieves the water from the Falling Fetus Spring to cure the strange illness of his master and brother. In real life, there is no such thing as a man becoming pregnant.
Example 2: In “Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea”, when their ship runs aground in Papua New Guinea, they are attacked by local natives. Captain Nemo uses his lightning to block the natives from entering the “Nautilus” and escaping from Papua New Guinea. In real life, lightning does not have such great power.
Example 3: In “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows”, in Gringotts, Hermione transforms into Bellatrix’s appearance, and Ron is also transformed into someone else. Harry and the ring are hidden under an invisibility cloak. In real life, a person’s shape cannot change into someone else’s.
Example 4: In “Gulliver’s Travels”, in the land of the little people, when selecting officials, people are asked to dance on a rope, and whoever jumps the highest can become a high official. In real life, selecting officials relies on virtue and performance, not on competitions.
6.【2023·Zhejiang Shaoxing·Unified Exam Questions】
Choose one of the works below and propose a new title from the perspective of the main character, briefly explaining the content of the work.
A．”Journey to the West” Sun Wukong B．”Water Margin” Song Jiang C．”Ordinary World” Sun Shaoan
Example: From the perspective of Jane Eyre, I would title “Jane Eyre” as “Independent Life”. She does not blindly obey in Gateshead, insists on her own ideas; in Lowood, she overcomes all difficulties to study hard and strives to gain the ability to live independently; in Thornfield, she pursues equal love and refuses to rely on marriage to live. This title emphasizes Jane Eyre’s independent character in life, work, and love, guiding readers to reflect on their attitude towards life.
I choose ( ) (fill in the number).
【Answer】
Example 1: I choose A. From Sun Wukong’s perspective, I would title “Journey to the West” as “Look at My Seventy-Two Transformations”. On the journey westward, there are many difficulties, such as the Duel of the Carriage Country and the Three Adjustments of the Banana Fan. Sun Wukong uses his magical powers to defeat demons one by one and protect Tang Seng to successfully obtain the scriptures. This title highlights Wukong’s great abilities, drawing readers’ attention to the many difficulties in obtaining the scriptures and the courage and determination of the seekers.
Example 2: I choose B. From Song Jiang’s perspective, I would title “Water Margin” as “The Struggle of a Small Town Constable”. Song Jiang, a small official in Yuncheng, is righteous and makes many friends. After killing Yan Poxiao and being punished for writing poetry at Xunyang Tower, he is saved and becomes the leader of Liangshan. To achieve his dream of rising in the feudal hierarchy, he accepts the amnesty against the will of others, leading his brothers to fight against the Liao army and capture Fang La, ultimately being harmed. This title draws readers’ attention to Song Jiang’s life and explores the reasons for the failure of the peasant uprising through his struggle history.
Example 3: I choose C. From Sun Shaoan’s perspective, I would title “Ordinary World” as “A Declaration of a Self-Reliant Farmer”. Sun Shaoan drops out of school after graduating from elementary school and works in agriculture. Through hard work and study, he grows into a skilled farmer; he is good at thinking and daring to reform, organizing production responsibility groups, opening a brick kiln, and leading villagers to prosperity; to better cultivate the next generation, he funds the renovation of the Shuangshui Village Primary School. This title highlights Sun Shaoan’s identity and character traits, prompting reflection on “personal struggle in the context of the times” and “rural revitalization”.
7.【2023·Jiangsu Taizhou·Unified Exam Questions】
Many choices seem accidental, but they actually have inevitable reasons. Please choose one of the given classics and characters, and explore the inevitability of their choice.
Available classics and characters:
A．”Journey to the West” (Sun Wukong) B．”Red Star Over China” (Zhu De)
C．”Jane Eyre” (Jane Eyre) D．”The Scholars” (Wang Mian)
Select item.
【Answer】
Example: I choose A. “Journey to the West” (Sun Wukong); the havoc in Heaven is Sun Wukong’s inevitable choice. After returning to Flower Fruit Mountain from learning skills, it is evident that his character is rebellious and defiant, and his spirit of resistance leads him to cause trouble, even the Dragon King fears him, which destined him to create greater chaos; thus, the havoc in Heaven is an inevitable choice in Sun Wukong’s life.
Example 2: I choose D. “The Scholars” (Wang Mian); refusing to enter the officialdom is Wang Mian’s choice because he pursues the independence and noble character of ancient sages, preferring a free and unrestrained life; thus, refusing to enter the officialdom and retreating to the mountains earned Wang Mian a good reputation, which is a result of his character and the social environment at that time.
8.【2023·Qinghai·Unified Exam Questions】
Being loyal to dreams and striving for a beloved career throughout life not only summarizes the “Haiyan Spirit” but also represents the most direct manifestation of realizing life value. In the classics you have read, there are many characters with similar spirits. Please select the one that impresses you the most for analysis.
Hint: Mao Zedong, Tang Seng and his disciples, Paul, Jane Eyre…
【Answer】
Example: I choose Paul from “How the Steel Was Tempered”. Although he is in a harsh war environment and suffers from various diseases, he maintains his passion for fighting for his ideals, allowing himself to have a fulfilling and valuable youth. He becomes a role model for encouraging young people to strive and not waste their youth.
9.【2023·Tianjin·Unified Exam Questions】
In the “Recommend My Favorite Classic” activity, many students wrote their reasons for recommendation. Please write the corresponding work based on the recommendation reasons.
|
Work |
Recommendation Reason |
|
《 》 |
This is a documentary work that objectively reports the real situation of the Chinese Communist Party and the Red Army from the perspective of a foreign journalist. It has stood the test of time in two aspects: first, the true record of historical facts; second, the foresight of historical trends. |
|
《 》 |
This is a very interesting book, one of the most imaginative works in Chinese classical literature. The novel revolves around the main line of “Journey to the West”, telling many stories of subduing demons and eliminating evil, creating a series of vivid artistic images. |
|
《 》 |
This work consists of ten reminiscences, narrating past events in concise and gentle language, interspersed with interesting discussions or sharp critiques, allowing us to understand Lu Xun’s life path and mental journey from childhood to youth. |
|
《 》 |
In this work, the author ingeniously gives each of the one hundred and eight generals a unique nickname, which either highlights their character traits or relates to their behavioral characteristics, becoming an irreplaceable label for the characters. |
【Answer】
Red Star Over China, Journey to the West, Morning Flowers Evening Flowers, Water Margin
【Explanation】This question tests knowledge of classic reading.
The first blank: Based on “reporting the real situation of the Chinese Communist Party and the Red Army from the perspective of a foreign journalist”, the work is “Red Star Over China”.
The second blank: Based on “the novel revolves around the main line of ‘Journey to the West’, telling many stories of subduing demons and eliminating evil”, the work is “Journey to the West”.
The third blank: Based on “allowing us to understand Lu Xun’s life path and mental journey from childhood to youth”, the work is “Morning Flowers Evening Flowers”.
The fourth blank: Based on “the author ingeniously gives each of the one hundred and eight generals a unique nickname”, the work is “Water Margin”.
10.【2023·Sichuan Chengdu·Unified Exam Questions】
The plot of “making a fuss” appears in many works. Which of the following evaluations is not appropriate? Please judge and modify the inappropriate option based on your reading experience.
A．Lu Zhishen makes a fuss in the Wild Boar Forest (“Water Margin”)——”fuss” shows righteousness
B．Sun Wukong makes a fuss in Black Wind Mountain (“Journey to the West”)——”fuss” shows bravery
C．Liu Siye makes a fuss at the birthday banquet (“Rickshaw Boy”)——”fuss” shows love
【Answer】C
【Explanation】This question tests understanding and analysis of the content of the classics.
C is incorrect. The plot summary of Liu Siye making a fuss at the birthday banquet is: Hu Niu sees Xiangzi return and is overjoyed. To get her father’s consent, Hu Niu praises Xiangzi in front of her father. On the day of the birthday, it is lively, but seeing the women and children of other families, Liu Siye suddenly feels that he has no son, and his career has no successor, and he feels cold. Coupled with the small amount of birthday gifts received, he simply scolds Hu Niu and Xiangzi. Hu Niu cannot sing the play, so she exposes everything and falsely claims that she is pregnant with Xiangzi’s child. Liu Siye does not want to marry his daughter to a rickshaw puller and is afraid that Xiangzi will inherit his family business as a son-in-law, so he orders Xiangzi to roll away. Hu Niu does not buy her father’s account, tears her face, publicly reveals her relationship with Xiangzi, and decides to leave with Xiangzi. However, Liu Siye refuses to give Hu Niu a penny. Thus, Liu Siye’s birthday banquet contains dissatisfaction and resentment towards his daughter Hu Niu, so “fuss” should be modified to “fuss with resentment”.
11.【2023·Henan·Unified Exam Questions】
Regarding whether the protagonist of “Journey to the West” is Tang Seng or Sun Wukong, students have different opinions. Who do you think it is? Please discuss your understanding based on the content of the novel.
【Answer】
“Tang Seng” Example: I believe Tang Seng is the protagonist. The central event of “Journey to the West” is the journey to the west, and Tang Seng is the core of the team. On the journey, he withstands the tests of the Four Saints, remains unmoved by the affections of the Queen of the Western Liang, and not only has a persistent belief himself but also encourages the team members to strengthen their will, ultimately leading the team to overcome numerous difficulties and obtain the true scriptures.
“Sun Wukong” Example: I believe Sun Wukong is the protagonist. The novel starts with Sun Wukong, telling his background and the story of his havoc in Heaven, establishing his heroic image; later, he strikes the White Bone Spirit three times, battles the Red Boy, and fights demons to protect Tang Seng and obtain the true scriptures. From the entire novel, he is the main character that the author focuses on shaping.
【Explanation】
This question tests knowledge of the characters in the classics. Open-ended questions, reasoning is acceptable.
It can be considered that Tang Seng is the protagonist. Guanyin received the Buddha’s decree to find a person to go to the West, and the one she found was Tang Seng. The journey to the West is the central event of “Journey to the West”. Tang Seng is the core of the team. Facing the numerous hardships on the journey, he did not back down and passed the tests. Neither beauty nor demons could change his determination to obtain the scriptures. He united the team into a whole to complete the important task of obtaining the scriptures. Therefore, he is the protagonist of the novel.
It can also be considered that Sun Wukong is the protagonist. In the team, Sun Wukong appears early. The novel first tells the story of Wukong’s birth and learning skills, and his havoc in Heaven, through which the author shapes Wukong’s image of being powerful and rebellious. On the journey, it is Wukong who protects Tang Seng, defeats various demons, and helps Tang Seng reach the West and obtain the true scriptures, completing the task assigned by Guanyin. From the entire novel, Wukong is the main character that the author focuses on shaping.
12.【2023·Sichuan Yibin·Unified Exam Questions】
Friends are those who share similar interests with you. Now you want to choose a character from the following works as a friend. Please briefly explain your reason.
Available works: “Journey to the West”, “How the Steel Was Tempered”, “Jane Eyre”
【Answer】
Example 1: I want to choose Sun Wukong from “Journey to the West” as a friend. Although he has faced many hardships while escorting Tang Seng to obtain the scriptures, he has never given up and always takes the lead in solving problems. Such a friend can encourage and help me overcome difficulties and continuously improve myself.
Example 2: I want to choose Lida from “How the Steel Was Tempered” as a friend. She is sincere, kind-hearted, brave, and has clear love and hate. Such a friend can make me feel warm and give me the strength to grow.
Example 3: I want to choose Jane Eyre from “Jane Eyre” as a friend. Although Jane Eyre is a poor orphan, she is independent, strong in spirit, pursues freedom, and dares to fight for love and dignity. Such a friend can make me more opinionated, break free from the influence of others, and strengthen my determination to strive for my dreams.
【Explanation】This question tests knowledge of the characters in the classics. Choose a character from the given classics, highlight their character traits, and explain why you would choose that character as a friend.
Example 1: I want to choose Tang Seng from “Journey to the West” as a friend. He is upright and has a firm belief. For example, in the twenty-third chapter “Tang Seng Does Not Forget His Roots, The Four Saints Test Zen Heart”, when he is proposed to marry a daughter, he is “like a child startled by thunder, a frog drenched in rain”, focused on Buddhism. For example, when facing the fire mountain that is difficult to cross due to a great fire, Zhu Bajie has a moment of retreat, and although Tang Seng has no solution at that time, he still insists on going to the West to obtain the scriptures, demonstrating his unwavering will to obtain the scriptures. Such a friend inspires me to be upright and persistent in pursuing my dreams.
Example 2: I want to choose Paul from “How the Steel Was Tempered” as a friend. Paul, with the ideal of “liberating all humanity”, continues to fight despite being paralyzed and blind. He chooses literary creation to realize his ideals, first using cardboard to make a frame for writing, and later dictating to someone else to record. With the help of his mother and wife, he completes the creation. Such a friend teaches me that the challenges we encounter in life will make us stronger. We should firmly believe in our ideals and keep striving.
Example 3: I want to choose Jane Eyre from “Jane Eyre” as a friend. When Rochester, whom she loves, proposes to her, she agrees, but during the wedding, Mason reveals that Rochester has a wife, and Jane refuses to compromise her morals, leaving Thornfield quietly. She is grateful to St. John for saving her and respects his faith, but she refuses to marry him because she realizes that his love is based on serving God. Such a friend teaches me to love and respect myself and to be independent.
13.【2023·Jiangsu Yancheng·Unified Exam Questions】
In classical literature, there are often “true and false” themes, such as the true and false Monkey King in “Journey to the West”, the true and false Li Kui in “Water Margin”, and the true and false Niu Buyi in “The Scholars”. Choose one example, briefly describe the story, and share the insights you gained from it.
【Answer】
Example 1: The Six-Eared Macaque disguises itself as Sun Wukong, knocks Tang Seng unconscious, and steals their luggage, intending to go to the West to worship Buddha and seek scriptures. Later, the Buddha reveals the true identity of the Six-Eared Macaque, and it suffers the consequences. Insight: What you see with your own eyes is not necessarily the truth; one must look at issues comprehensively and objectively; when encountering problems, one must learn to communicate; when interacting with others, one must have a forgiving heart.
Example 2: Li Kui goes down the mountain to find his mother and encounters a fake Li Kui who robs him. After defeating the fake Li Kui, he learns that the fake Li Kui, named Li Gui, had no money to support his elderly mother, which led him to this desperate act. Li Kui, feeling pity, spares him and gives him some money. This reflects Li Kui’s upright and kind-hearted character. Insight: We should maintain a kind heart.
Example 3: Niu Pu Lang obtains the poetry collection of the deceased poet Niu Buyi and has a bad idea. From then on, this young man transforms from Niu Pu Lang into Niu Buyi, becoming a famous poet. When discovered by Niu Buyi’s old wife, he makes excuses. This reflects Niu Pu Lang’s bad character, thick-skinned, and deceitful nature. Insight: We should be honest and not seek fame through deceit.
【Explanation】This question tests knowledge of the plot and insights from reading the classics.
The plot of the true and false Monkey King: On the journey to obtain scriptures, Sun Wukong kills bandits and is driven away by Tang Seng. Wukong seeks help from Guanyin, but is repeatedly entangled by the Six-Eared Macaque, leading to a fierce battle. The Jade Emperor orders them to stop fighting. The Six-Eared Macaque refuses to obey. Later, the true and false Monkey Kings fight to the Ling Mountain, where the Buddha reveals the true identities, and the Six-Eared Macaque is punished. This shows that effective communication can eliminate barriers and help achieve common goals.
14.【2023·Jiangsu Lianyungang·Unified Exam Questions】
Students have found that many protagonists in literary works possess the wisdom to break through difficulties. Please choose one of the works below and write two related plots to discuss your views.
A．”How the Steel Was Tempered” Paul B．”Journey to the West” Sun Wukong
【Answer】
Example 1: After Paul was captured, the bandits prepared to clear out some unimportant prisoners to welcome the arrival of the “big boss” Peter Liura. Paul realized that he needed to seize the opportunity while the enemy was still unclear about the truth. When Colonel Cherniak asked him why he was imprisoned, Paul lied, saying he was brought in for cutting a piece of an old Cossack soldier’s saddle to make a shoe sole. The colonel believed him and released him. This reflects the wisdom of being able to assess the situation and escape from difficulties.
Example 2: When Sun Wukong ate the ginseng fruit in the Five庄观 and smashed the oil pot, the Great Immortal was furious and wanted to fry Tang Seng. Afterward, Wukong went to Guanyin for help to revive the fruit tree. The Great Immortal treated Tang Seng and his disciples well and became brothers with Wukong. This shows that Sun Wukong has the wisdom to know how to correct his mistakes and resolve conflicts.
【Explanation】This question tests the understanding of the characters and their wisdom in overcoming difficulties.
15.【2023·Anhui Lu’an·Unified Exam Questions】
Mao Zedong said: “To make friends, one should be like Lu Da; to have faith, one should be like Tang Seng; read the four great classics.” Please combine your reading experience and relate the character qualities of Lu Da and Tang Seng in “Water Margin” and “Journey to the West”, and discuss your understanding of this statement.
【Answer】
Example: Although Lu Da is a rough man, he is righteous and loyal. When he first appears, he is righteous and generous, beating up the town’s butcher to save Jin Cui and her father. When Lin Chong is framed and exiled to the grassland, he secretly escorts him to the Wild Boar Forest, saving Lin Chong at a critical moment. Such righteousness is a model of loyalty and righteousness.
Tang Seng is kind-hearted and has firm faith. No matter what the situation, he never loses faith in obtaining the scriptures. He resists temptation and, despite the various invitations from the Queen of the Daughter Kingdom, resolutely embarks on the journey to the West, demonstrating his unwavering determination to obtain the scriptures. He faces numerous hardships, and even when the outcome is uncertain, he never wavers in his faith. This shows that Tang Seng embodies the spirit of perseverance and faith.
【Explanation】This question tests the understanding of character qualities in the classics. Discuss the qualities of Lu Da and Tang Seng, and relate them to the statement.
16.【2023·Fujian Fuzhou·Fuzhou No. 19 Middle School Exam】
Through studying the classics, the reading group members have drawn the following conclusion: the choices made often reveal the characters’ pursuit of the value of life. Please select two of the classics below and briefly discuss this viewpoint based on the specific content of the classics.
“Morning Flowers Evening Flowers”, “Jane Eyre”, “Water Margin”, “Journey to the West”, “Red Star Over China”
I choose “ ” and “ “
【Answer】
Example: “Jane Eyre” “Journey to the West”
When Rochester asks Jane Eyre to stay with him as a lover, Jane refuses and painfully leaves the one she loves. She gives up a stable life and love, choosing to live independently in a foreign land, reflecting her pursuit of independence, autonomy, and the spirit of equality and freedom. In the “Four Saints Test Zen Heart” episode, facing beauty and wealth, Tang Seng remains steadfast and unmoved, choosing to continue his journey to the West, reflecting his firm belief and pursuit of achieving enlightenment and promoting Buddhism.
【Explanation】This question tests the understanding of the classics. Open-ended question, answers may vary. Focus on the characters’ pursuit of the value of life.
In “Morning Flowers Evening Flowers”, the young Lu Xun leaves Nanjing to study in Japan to save the country and its people. In Tokyo, he is disgusted by the behavior of the Qing students and decides to go to Sendai to study medicine, intending to strengthen the physique of the Chinese people to save the country. However, due to the anonymous letter incident and the movie incident, Lu Xun realizes that merely changing the physical condition of the Chinese people cannot save China. To save China, he must first change the spirit of the people, and the best way to change their spirit is through literature. He decides to abandon medicine and pursue literature, returning to China to begin his literary creation. His departure and return reflect his strong patriotic spirit.
In “Jane Eyre”, Jane Eyre is a strong, simple, and independent woman. She develops a sincere love with the male protagonist, Rochester. Just as she is about to agree to marry Rochester, she learns that he has a wife hidden in the attic, and she refuses to compromise her morals, quietly leaving Thornfield. She is grateful to St. John for saving her and respects his faith, but she refuses to marry him because she realizes that his love is based on serving God. Such a friend teaches me to love and respect myself and to be independent.
In “Water Margin”, Lu Da, known as “Flower Monk”, fully embodies the pursuit of the value of righteousness. At the tavern, he encounters the plight of Jin’s family and is filled with righteous indignation. He not only lends them money to escape but also kills Zheng Tu, ensuring their safety, while he himself becomes an outlaw. In the capital, he meets Lin Chong, and they bond over their shared experiences. Lin Chong is framed and exiled to the grassland. Out of brotherly loyalty, Lu Da secretly follows him and saves him, escorting him safely to the grassland.
In “Journey to the West”, Sun Wukong experiences three “departures and returns”. The first time, he is driven away after killing six bandits, but is persuaded to return by the Dragon King; the second time, he is driven away after killing the White Bone Spirit, but is persuaded to return by Zhu Bajie; the third time, he is driven away after killing several bandits, but is persuaded to return due to the Six-Eared Macaque incident. Through these “departures and returns”, Wukong transitions from a mischievous monkey to a true human, understanding what emotions, love, and responsibility are, and achieving personal growth.
17.【2023·Henan Zhoukou·Unified Exam Questions】
Frost, snow, and rain are natural phenomena, but in literary works, they become the “driving force” for the development of story plots or the transformation of character fates. Please choose one of the options below and analyze the relevant plot briefly.
①The magic of cold wind and heavy snow The monk thinks of worshiping Buddha on the icy layers (“Journey to the West”)
②Lin Chao’s wind and snow in the mountain god temple Lu Yu’s fire burning the grass yard (“Water Margin”)
【Answer】
①Example: Tang Seng and his disciples arrive at the Tongtian River, hearing that there is a monster in the river that wants to eat children. Wukong and Bajie disguise themselves as children to act as sacrifices, but the monster escapes. The monster uses magic to create snow in July, freezing the Tongtian River. Tang Seng and his group are eager to cross the river, but after checking for abnormalities, they attempt to cross the river, only to fall into a trap, and Tang Seng is captured by the monster. This snow is an important “driving force” for the development of the plot, leading to the subsequent battle between Wukong and the monster and the request for Guanyin to subdue the monster.
②Example: Lin Chong is framed by Gao Qiao and is exiled to guard the grass yard. On a snowy night, Lin Chong goes to the tavern to buy wine and returns to find his sleeping hut collapsed under the snow, so he seeks shelter in a nearby mountain god temple. While drinking in the temple, he sees the grass yard on fire and prepares to save it. Coincidentally, he overhears Lu Qian and others discussing their plan to burn the grass yard to kill him. Angered, Lin Chong kills Lu Qian and others. This event transforms Lin Chong’s character from passive acceptance to active resistance. Here, the “wind and snow” is the “driving force” for Lin Chong’s character transformation.
【Explanation】
This question tests the understanding of the content of the classics and their application.
Combining the “magic of cold wind and heavy snow” in “Journey to the West”, the relevant story is that Tang Seng and his disciples reach a river and cannot determine its depth. They plan to beg for lodging nearby. They arrive at a house where the owner informs them that the river is called Tongtian River, and there is a spirit king who requires the villagers to sacrifice a pair of children each year for good weather. This year, it is this family’s turn to sacrifice, and Tang Seng orders his disciples to subdue the monster. Wukong and Bajie disguise themselves as children to wait for the monster to appear. When the monster sees them, it is frightened and returns to the river. The snow falls, and the river freezes, leading to the subsequent events.
18.【2023·Henan Zhoukou·Unified Exam Questions】
Excellent literary works convey human aspirations and ideals, condensing beautiful emotions and brilliant wisdom. Please choose one of the classics listed below, and based on the character image or story plot, discuss your reading gains from the perspective of improving cultivation or enriching emotions.
“Journey to the West”, “Water Margin”
【Answer】
Example 1: In “Journey to the West”, Sun Wukong is powerful, brave, clever, and has a clear sense of right and wrong, and is humorous. In the “Three Strikes of the White Bone Spirit”, he enters the demon’s cave and kills the White Bone Spirit, saving his master and others. From Sun Wukong, I see that the power of justice is invincible.
Example 2: In “Water Margin”, Lu Zhishen is righteous, hates evil, and is both rough and meticulous, open-minded and reasonable. When he hears about the plight of the Jin family at the tavern, he goes to the meat shop to provoke the butcher Zheng, and after killing him, he leaves calmly. Lu Zhishen’s act of standing up for justice is exactly what we should advocate in this era.
【Explanation】
This question tests knowledge of the characters in the classics. The answer should relate to the character’s qualities and the insights gained from reading.
19.【2023·Henan Zhoukou·Unified Exam Questions】
After reading “Journey to the West”, students had a heated debate about whether Sun Wukong and Zhu Bajie are animals, gods, or humans. The language teacher said, “The author’s brilliance lies in integrating various images into one.” Please analyze one of them based on the language teacher’s statement.
【Answer】
Example: Sun Wukong’s “animal nature” is reflected in his monkey-like appearance, with a thunderous mouth and hairy face, exhibiting the cleverness and restlessness of a monkey. His “divine nature” is shown in his vast powers, with the magical ability to transform seventy-two times. His “human nature” is reflected in his pride, impulsiveness, and tendency to tease others, believing in the saying, “Once a teacher, always a father.”
Example: Zhu Bajie’s “animal nature” is reflected in his pig-like appearance, with characteristics of gluttony, laziness, and sloth. His “divine nature” is shown in his background as the former Marshal of the Heavenly Pavilion, possessing transformation skills and the ability to ride clouds. His “human nature” is reflected in his cleverness, tendency to gossip about Sun Wukong in front of their master, and his frequent cries for separation when faced with difficulties.
【Explanation】
This question tests the analysis of character images in the classics. Choose either Sun Wukong or Zhu Bajie and analyze their “animal nature”, “divine nature”, and “human nature”.
Example: Sun Wukong’s “animal nature”: Sun Wukong creates chaos in Heaven, causing disorder, and he also steals ginseng fruit, leading to misunderstandings and destroying the ginseng fruit tree, reflecting his mischievousness. “Divine nature”: Sun Wukong is powerful, defeating the White Bone Spirit three times, each time seeing through the spirit’s tricks, showcasing his “divine nature”. “Human nature”: After defeating the White Bone Spirit, Tang Seng blames Sun Wukong several times and drives him away. Sun Wukong does not leave, and ultimately has no choice but to leave. He kneels before Tang Seng, and later, when his master is in danger, he goes to rescue him, demonstrating his loyalty and gratitude to his master, reflecting his “human nature”.