IAR is a popular embedded development integrated environment. Below are the detailed steps to add folders and .c and .h files in IAR. Add Folders 1. Open Workspace Launch IAR Embedded Workbench and open the project workspace you want to operate on. 2. Expand Project View In the IAR project browser on the left side, … Read more
SCULL (Simple Character Utility for Loading Localities) is a classic example of a character device driver in the Linux kernel, often used as an introductory project for learning Linux character device drivers. The design goal of the SCULL device is to provide a simple, purely memory-based character device driver to help developers understand the basic … Read more
Overview VxWorks is a real-time operating system (RTOS) developed by Wind River, providing robust support for hardware interfaces, including Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) devices. Writing PCI device drivers in VxWorks involves interacting with the PCI bus, configuring devices, managing interrupts, and providing an access interface for applications. This guide will walk you through the process … Read more
Assembly language and C language are both commonly used programming languages in microcontroller programming, and they are among the earliest and most widely used languages. Especially in embedded programming like microcontrollers, assembly language has the advantages of being simple, efficient, and quick to learn. However, it also has many disadvantages. Below is a comparison of … Read more
CFFI: The Best C Interface Library for Python Friends, today I bring you a fantastic Python library called cffi. This library acts as a bridge between Python and C, allowing our Python code to seamlessly share C functions and data types. Isn’t that cool? Let’s explore this magical world together!✨ Library Function Summary In simple … Read more
Signals 1. Types of Signals 1.1 Special Keys in Terminal ctl + c generates SIGINT ctl + z generates SIGTSTP ctl + \ generates SIGQUIT kill -9 pid generates SIGKILL 1.2 Hardware Exceptions Illegal Instruction Privilege Instruction Division by Zero Segmentation Fault Bus Error 1.3 Software Exceptions Illegal Memory Access Out of Bounds Access Stack … Read more
Three Basic Types of Communication The commonly used communication can be divided into three categories based on transmission direction: simplex communication, half-duplex communication, and full-duplex communication. Simplex communication allows information to be transmitted only in one direction, while the other party cannot send information back. For example, TV remote controls and radio broadcasts are both … Read more
#define FLASH_SIZE 0x4000000 // 64MB /* Initialize Hyperflash */ void Hyperflash_Init(void) { OCTOSPI_Init(); /* Reset Hyperflash */ uint8_t cmd[4] = {0xF0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}; OCTOSPI_Write(0, cmd, 4); HAL_Delay(1); /* Configure read/write mode */ cmd[0] = 0xC0; cmd[1] = 0x00; cmd[2] = 0x00; cmd[3] = 0x00; OCTOSPI_Write(0, cmd, 4); } /* Program download to Hyperflash */ … Read more
& and && can both be used as logical AND operators, representing logical conjunction (and). The entire result is true only when the results of the expressions on both sides of the operator are true; otherwise, if either side is false, the result is false. && also has a short-circuit feature, meaning that if the … Read more
Microcontroller buzzer happy birthday programming #include #define uint unsigned int #define uchar unsigned char sbit speaker=P1^0; // The learning board provided by the school requires two I/O ports to control the buzzer. However, most learning boards control with one I/O port. sbit speaker1=P1^1; // If your board controls with one I/O port, this line can … Read more