🐍 Introduction to Python: Mastering Programming Basics from Scratch

🌟 Chapter 1: Introduction to Python

Python is a object-oriented, interpreted high-level programming language with the following core advantages:

• Concise and elegant syntax design
• Powerful standard library and third-party ecosystem
• Cross-platform compatibility (Windows/macOS/Linux)
• Active developer community support

🛠️ Chapter 2: Environment Installation Guide

2.1 Installation Steps

1. Visit the official Python website
2. Download the installation package for your operating system (recommended version 3.8+)
3. Run the installer (check “Add Python to PATH”)

4. Verify the installation:

python --version
# Expected output: Python 3.x.x

2.2 Recommended Development Tools

• VS Code (lightweight editor)
• PyCharm (professional IDE)
• Jupyter Notebook (interactive programming)

📚 Chapter 3: In-Depth Syntax Basics

3.1 Variables and Data Types

# Basic types
name = "Alice"          # String
age = 25                # Integer
height = 1.75           # Float
is_student = True       # Boolean

# Composite types
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]      # List
coordinates = (40.7128, -74.0060)           # Tuple
person = {"name": "Bob", "age": 30}         # Dictionary

3.2 Control Flow

Conditional Statements:

score = 85
if score >= 90:
    print("Excellent")
elif score >= 60:
    print("Pass")
else:
    print("Fail")

Loop Structures:

# for loop
for i in range(1, 6):
    print(f"Current number: {i}")

# while loop
count = 0
while count < 3:
    print(f"Count: {count}")
    count += 1

🗃️ Chapter 4: Practical File Operations

# Writing to a file
with open("diary.txt", "w") as file:
    file.write("2023-07-20\n")
    file.write("Today I learned Python file operations!\n")

# Reading from a file
with open("diary.txt", "r") as file:
    content = file.read()
    print(content)

🛡️ Chapter 5: Exception Handling Mechanism

try:
    num = int(input("Please enter a number:"))
    result = 100 / num
except ValueError:
    print("Input is not a valid number!")
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print("Cannot divide by zero!")
else:
    print(f"Calculation result: {result}")
finally:
    print("Program execution completed")

🧩 Chapter 6: Object-Oriented Programming

6.1 Classes and Objects

class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, major):
        self.name = name
        self.major = major
    
    def introduce(self):
        print(f"I am {self.name}, majoring in {self.major}")

# Instantiation
stu = Student("Wang Xiaoming", "Computer Science")
stu.introduce()

6.2 Inheritance and Polymorphism

class Animal:
    def speak(self):
        pass

class Dog(Animal):
    def speak(self):
        return "Woof!"

class Cat(Animal):
    def speak(self):
        return "Meow～"

📊 Chapter 7: Common Scientific Computing Libraries

Library Name	Usage	Example
NumPy	Numerical computation	`<span>np.array([1,2,3])</span>`
Pandas	Data analysis	`<span>pd.read_csv('data.csv')</span>`
Matplotlib	Data visualization	`<span>plt.plot(x, y)</span>`

🎯 Chapter 8: Learning Path Recommendations

1. Master basic syntax (1-2 weeks)
2. Complete small projects (e.g., calculator, to-do list)
3. Learn common frameworks (Django/Flask)
4. Participate in open-source projects
5. Continue learning advanced topics (asynchronous programming/algorithm optimization)

Start your Python programming journey now! ✨