In this article, we will explore how to build a simple student information management system using C language. This system will allow users to perform basic operations, including adding, deleting, and displaying student information. It is a project well-suited for beginners, helping to understand fundamental concepts in C such as structures, arrays, and functions.
1. Design Overview
1.1 Functional Requirements
Our student information management system needs to have the following functionalities:
- Add student information
- Delete student information
- Display all student information
- Search for student information by student ID
1.2 Data Structure Design
We will use the <span>struct</span> keyword to define a structure named <span>Student</span> with the following fields:
typedef struct { int id; // Student ID char name[50]; // Name int age; // Age} Student;We also need to create an array of type <span>Student</span> to store information for multiple students and set a maximum allowed capacity.
2. Program Implementation
Next, we will write the entire program, including various functional modules and their corresponding code.
2.1 Including Header Files and Global Variables
First, include the necessary header files and define global variables:
#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#define MAX_STUDENTS 100 // Maximum capacityStudent students[MAX_STUDENTS];int student_count = 0; // Current number of registered students 2.2 Adding New Student Function
Adding a new student is our first main functionality. Below is the relevant code:
void add_student() { if (student_count >= MAX_STUDENTS) { printf("Cannot add more students!\n"); return; } Student s; printf("Please enter student ID: "); scanf("%d", &s.id); printf("Please enter name: "); scanf("%s", s.name); printf("Please enter age: "); scanf("%d", &s.age); students[student_count++] = s; // Add new student to the array.}2.3 Deleting Student Function
Next, we implement the functionality to delete a student:
void delete_student() { int id, i, found = -1; printf("Please enter the student ID to delete: "); scanf("%d", &id); for (i = 0; i < student_count; i++) { if (students[i].id == id) { found = i; break; } } if (found != -1) { for (i = found; i < student_count - 1; i++) { students[i] = students[i + 1]; } student_count--; printf("Successfully deleted student with ID %d.\n", id); } else { printf("No information found for this student ID.\n"); }}2.4 Displaying All Students Function
To view the entered data, we have written a method to display all records:
void display_students() { if (student_count == 0) { printf("No records found.\n"); return; } for (int i = 0; i < student_count; i++) { printf("Student ID:%d , Name:%s , Age:%d\n", students[i].id, students[i].name, students[i].age); }}2.5 Finding Specific Records
This method is used to find the record corresponding to a specific ID:
void find_student() { int id, found = -1; printf("Please enter the student ID to search: "); scanf("%d", &id); for (int i = 0; i < student_count && found == -1 ; ++i){ if(students[i].id == id){ found=i; } } if(found != -1){ Student s=students[found]; printf("\nFound:
Student ID:%d, Name:%s, Age:%d\n", s.id,s.name,s.age); }else{ printf("\nRecord not found.\n"); } }### 2.6 Menu-Driven Logic
Finally, we write the main function and menu options to call the above functionalities:
int main() { int choice; while(1) { // Infinite loop until manually exited. printf("\n------ Student Information Management System ------\n"); printf("[1] Add New Student\n"); printf("[2] Delete Student\n"); printf("[3] Display All Students\n"); printf("[4] Query Specific Admission Result \n"); printf("[5] Exit \n"); printf("---------------------\n"); scanf("%d",&choice); switch(choice){ case 1: add_student(); break; case 2: delete_student(); break; case 3: display_students(); break; case 4: find_student(); break; case 5: exit(0); default: printf ("Invalid choice, please try again.\n"); } } return 0;}Conclusion and Future Directions
This article introduced how to build a basic “Transcript Entry” tool using simple and effective methods in C language. In practice, you may need to consider further optimizing data storage (for example, using linked lists or databases) and enhancing the interface (such as using a graphical interface). We wish you a deeper understanding of C language and its applications during your learning process!