Don’t miss out, remember to check the official account in the top right corner and set it as a star, take down the star and send it to me
01
STM32: A product released by STMicroelectronics on June 11, 2007, a 32-bit microcontroller (not much introduction, those who know, know).
GD32: A product released by GigaDevice in 2013, which basically imitates STM32 in chip development, configuration, and naming, even GPIO and STM32 are pin to pin compatible, and it can be directly soldered without changing the package. Sometimes the source code of STM32 can be recompiled and written to GD32 without modification. Of course, there are many differences, such as serial port drivers, USB, library files, etc.
ESP32: A product developed by Espressif in 2017, which is different from STM32 and GD32. The ESP32 is mainly aimed at the Internet of Things (IoT) field, supports many functions, but has very few GPIO pins, so most GPIOs have many multiplexing functions. It comes with integrated Bluetooth, WiFi, and other essential IoT functions, and the board is very small, suitable for IoT applications.
02
GD32 is a domestic microcontroller, and there are many similarities with STM32. However, GD32 is a different product, so not everything can be based on STM32; some independently developed features still have differences. The differences are as follows:
1. Core
GD32 uses the second-generation M3 core, while STM32 mainly uses the first-generation M3 core. The following is the errata sheet for the ARM M3 core, and the core used by GD has only one bug: 752419.
2. Clock Frequency
Using HSE (High-Speed External Clock): The maximum frequency of GD32 is 108M, while the maximum frequency of STM32 is 72M.
Using HSI (High-Speed Internal Clock): The maximum frequency of GD32 is 108M, while the maximum frequency of STM32 is 64M.
A higher clock frequency means that the microcontroller code runs faster. If the project requires screen refreshing, square root calculations, motor control, etc., GD is a good choice.
3. Power Supply
External Power Supply: The external power supply range for GD32 is 2.6~3.6V, while for STM32 it is 2.0~3.6V or 1.65~3.6V. GD’s power supply range is relatively narrower than that of STM32.
Core Voltage: The core voltage of GD32 is 1.2V, while the core voltage of STM32 is 1.8V. GD’s core voltage is lower than that of STM32, so GD’s chips consume less power during operation.
4. Flash Differences
GD32’s Flash is independently developed and is different from STM32’s.
GD Flash Execution Speed: The program execution in GD32 Flash has 0 wait cycles.
STM32 Flash Execution Speed: The ST system frequency does not access flash wait time relationship: 0 wait cycles when 0
Flash Erase Time: GD’s erase time is longer; the official data is as follows: GD32F103/101 series Flash models with 128KB and below have a typical Page Erase value of 100ms, and actual measurement is around 60ms. The corresponding ST product has a typical Page Erase value of 20~40ms.
5. Power Consumption
As shown in the table below, GD’s products have smaller operating power consumption than STM32 under the same clock frequency, but under the same settings, GD’s shutdown mode, standby mode, and sleep mode are still higher than those of STM32.
6. Serial Port
GD has an idle bit between every two bytes when continuously sending data, while STM32 does not, as shown in the figure below:
GD’s serial port has only 1/2 stop bit modes during transmission. STM32 has four stop bit modes: 0.5/1/1.5/2.
The differences in USART between GD and STM32 do not significantly affect communication; it just makes GD’s communication time slightly longer.
7. ADC Differences
GD’s input impedance and sampling time settings differ from those of ST. Under the same configuration, GD’s sampling input impedance is relatively smaller. The specific situation is shown in the table below, which runs at a clock frequency of 72M, with the ADC sampling clock being 14M:
8. FSMC
STM32 only has FSMC for large capacity (256K and above) with more than 100 pins, while GD32 has FSMC for all 100-pin or more models.
9. RAM & FLASH Size Differences in Series 103
The comparison of RAM and FLASH between GD103 series and ST103 series is shown in the figure below:
10. Differences Between Series 105 & 107 STM32 and GD
GD’s selection of 105/107 is much more than ST’s, as shown in the table below:
11. Anti-Interference Ability
GD’s anti-interference ability is not as good as STM32’s and still needs improvement.
03
ESP32 is a chip launched by Espressif that has a dual-core system composed of two Harvard architecture Xtensa LX6 CPUs. All on-chip memory, external memory, and peripherals are distributed across the data and/or instruction buses of the two CPUs.
Compared to the large family of STM32, ESP32 also represents a series, but currently, the members of this series are still relatively few. Let’s take a look:
The resources are as follows:
The functional block diagram is as follows:
The pin distribution of the module (not the chip) is as follows:
The ESP32 module has relatively few IOs, estimated to be around 30 (the chip has 34, but some are used for external FLASH). However, you will find several characteristics:
1. It integrates many peripheral interfaces, SPI, IIC, IIS, AD, DA, PWM, IR, UART, CAN, etc. Due to the limited number of IOs, basically every IO has multiple functions.
2. The on-chip flash and RAM are large, with 448KB of flash and 520KB of RAM. The module also directly connects to a 4MB flash.
3. Fast speed! Although the external crystal frequency is only 40MHZ, the internal clock can support 80MHZ, 160MHZ, and 240MHZ, with a computing power of up to 600MIPS.
4. It has WiFi and Bluetooth! Currently, both cannot be used simultaneously.
STM32 and ESP32 have fundamentally different positioning. ESP32 is compact, fast, and powerful, designed for the Internet of Things with WiFi connectivity; while STM32 has rich pins and comprehensive functions, although it does not have WiFi and Bluetooth, and is not as fast as ESP32, it can connect to the network via Ethernet and control more peripherals, designed for consumer electronics and industrial control.
04
STM32 and GD32 are homogeneous products, one is foreign, and the other is domestic. Recently, there is a trend for domestic replacement, so GD32 still has a bright development prospect. The Internet of Things is a good direction, so ESP32 also has a bright future.
Welcome to share with friends in need!
WeChat ID: zls_it
Welcome to follow “Teacher Zhu’s IT Charging Station”, scan the QR code below to add the assistant of the charging station on WeChat, and you can join the WeChat group for communication and interaction.
START
Scan to see more information
