Building a Smart Aquarium with STM32

Recently, I searched for fish tanks on TB, and while there are many smart options available, the actual functionality is often disappointingly limited. Some fish tanks come with control screens, but their practical features are not useful. So, I decided to buy a fish tank and try to create a control system myself. After nearly two months of design, it is finally completed. The initial control architecture took about a week to design, including selecting the screen size, choosing buttons, and selecting the main control chip, as well as defining the functions the system needs to complete. Making the PCB, including the initial design and TB sampling, took nearly a week. It was not easy during this hot weather. Once the sample was completed, I proceeded to solder the components. The STM32F103RBT6 chip has as many as 64 pins, and it was my first time using an electric soldering iron to solder such a chip with so many pins. I was uncertain, but I was satisfied with my soldering results after completion. Then came programming and debugging, which took nearly a month and a half. Finally, I managed to complete it recently.

Now, let’s talk about the main functions of this control system. The STM32F103 is used as the main control chip, chosen for its powerful capabilities and ease of integration with the Internet of Things for remote control and future upgrades. The main screen uses a popular 1.3-inch OLED display from TB, which offers high contrast and clarity, low power consumption, and a compact size. The buttons are touch-sensitive, mainly because they are inexpensive and do not require drilling. The system includes temperature settings, water change settings, time settings, lighting settings, feeding settings, and oxygenation and filtration settings.

The temperature control section uses the DS18B20 digital temperature sensor for precise temperature control. The temperature can be set between 10-35 degrees to meet the needs of different fish species. A high-precision liquid level static pressure sensor continuously monitors the water level in the aquarium. The automatic water change function can connect the aquarium to the drainage pipe (commonly used in office settings) to complete automatic water changes. The automatic water change function allows for setting the water change days and the amount of water changed. For tropical fish that require high water quality, we can set the water change amount to 10%, changing only a small portion. Because the water change amount is small, it will not affect the tropical fish. I have personally tested this while raising parrot fish, setting it to change 10% of the water every 15 days using tap water, which had no impact on the fish. Time settings: Since many functions require real-time control, I also developed a perpetual calendar function that can display the year, month, day, hour, minute, second, and lunar calendar, with an error of 1-2 seconds per year. The clock will keep running after a one-time setup, and subsequent clock settings are not usually needed. A unique lighting control system allows the aquarium lights to be set to always on, always off, or automatic mode, or manually adjust the brightness to reach the desired light intensity. In automatic mode, the aquarium will automatically adjust its brightness based on external light, meeting viewing needs. Feeding settings: You can set the number of feedings, the time interval for feeding, and the amount of food. The system will calculate the feeding time based on the parameters entered by the user. After adding the fish food and setting the parameters, the feeding will be automatically completed by the system. Oxygenation and filtration settings can be set to always on, always off, or disturbance prevention mode. For those who sleep lightly, the disturbance prevention mode can be selected, where the oxygenation and filtration will automatically turn off at night to achieve a silent state and turn on automatically during the day. Alarm management includes low water level alarms, abnormal water temperature alarms, and insufficient fish food alarms. For fish lovers who do not have time to care for their fish, this is truly a magical device.

Original: http://www.jdwx.info/thread-608193-1-1.html

Soldered PCB Building a Smart Aquarium with STM32