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According to foreign media Android Authority, Arm today launched the Cortex-A78 and Cortex-X1 CPU cores, which will be featured in mobile devices in 2021.
The Cortex-A78 is an iteration of the Cortex-A series, while the Cortex-X1 is a new high-performance CPU.
It is reported that Arm’s Cortex-A78 and Cortex-X1 are both based on the previous generation Cortex-A77, but these two Arm processors have different design goals. The Cortex-A78 focuses on providing higher performance per watt while being smaller in size, while the Cortex-X1 aims for maximum performance.
According to official introductions, the Cortex-A78 achieves a clock speed of 3GHz, with a 20% improvement in performance per watt compared to the previous generation. At the same performance level, the Cortex-A78’s power consumption is reduced by 50% compared to the previous generation. Additionally, the area of the A78 is also reduced by 5%, saving 15% of the area for a quad-core cluster, which frees up more space for additional GPUs, NPUs, and other components.
The Cortex-X1 is the first commercial product of Arm’s “CXC project”. In terms of performance, the Cortex-X1 improves performance by 30% compared to the Cortex-A77, and compared to the Cortex-A78, the integer computation performance of the Cortex-X1 is improved by 23%. The Cortex-X1 also has twice the machine learning capability of the Cortex-A78.
At the product level, it seems unlikely that smartphones’ SoCs will use a quad-core Cortex-X1 cluster; a single Cortex-X1 with three Cortex-A78 cores would be a good choice. This configuration only occupies 15% more space than a quad-core Cortex-A76 cluster but provides higher single-core performance.
The cores of the Cortex-X1 are much larger than those of the A77 and A78, with a maximum L2 cache capacity of 1MB and a bandwidth that is twice as high as before, maximizing performance, while the shared L3 cache can reach 8MB, which is twice that of previous generations.
IT Home has learned that the performance improvement of the Cortex-A78 mainly comes from the improvements in 5nm processors, which is the most conservative generation of improvements from Arm. It is expected that future SoC products will choose a combination of 1 core X1, 3 cores A78, and 4 cores A55 to achieve a better balance of performance and efficiency. Future Windows on Arm products may be equipped with multi-core Cortex-X1 SoCs to significantly enhance performance.
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