Main Content

1 Embedded Systems

2 Design of Embedded Systems

3 Co-design of Embedded System Hardware and Software

4 Energy-saving Design of Embedded Systems

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1 Embedded Systems:

Application-centered, based on computer technology, with customizable software and hardware, it is a dedicated computer system that meets strict requirements in functionality, reliability, cost, size, and power consumption for application systems.

1.1 Characteristics of Embedded Systems

◼ Collaborative parallel development of software and hardware

◼ A variety of microprocessors

◼ Diversity of real-time operating systems (RTOS)

◼ System resources are insufficient compared to desktops

◼ Very little application support

◼ Requires special development tools

◼ Debugging is very difficult

◼ Robustness of software and hardware

1.1 Major Problems to Solve in Embedded Systems

◼ What kind of system architecture is needed for implementation?

◼ How to meet time constraints and coordinate multiple functionalities in terms of timing?

◼ How to ensure the system works reliably?

◼ How to meet system interface requirements, directly input and output information from embedded applications?

◼ How to reduce system power consumption?

◼ How to make the system upgradeable?

1.2 Challenging Issues in Embedded System Design

◼ Co-design of software and hardware

◼ Power consumption optimization design

◼ Embedded operating systems

◼ Development environments

◼ Cost and development cycle

◼ Code optimization

◼ Efficient input and output

◼ Testing environment

1.3 Major Issues Faced by Embedded Software Technology

◼ Toolchain for the entire lifecycle of embedded software development

◼ Co-design of hardware and software: Verilog + C = ?

◼ Design and generation technology of drivers (the most troublesome problem in embedded software development)

◼ Reliability issues of embedded software: correctness verification technology, testing technology, debugging technology, etc. (reliability issues are fundamental problems in embedded software development)

◼ Reconfigurable computing technology

◼ Component-based embedded real-time operating systems and their development environments

◼ Reconfigurable computing technology refers to reconstructing a new computing platform under software control, utilizing reusable resources in the system (such as FPGAs), to achieve high performance close to dedicated hardware design. It avoids performance loss caused by instruction fetching, decoding, and other steps in microprocessor computing models, while eliminating the high costs and non-reusability defects caused by the complex processes of designing and manufacturing application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs).