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Introduction to LineageOS

LineageOS is an open-source operating system based on the Android Open Source Project (AOSP), primarily maintained by community developers. It originated from the CyanogenMod project, which ceased operations in 2016, after which LineageOS became its successor.

Main Features:

• • Open Source: All source code is open source, allowing anyone to view, modify, and distribute it.
• • No Pre-installed Bloatware: Compared to some custom ROMs that come with a lot of pre-installed applications, LineageOS maintains a clean and simple system environment.
• • Regular Updates: The community provides ongoing security patches and new feature updates.
• • Wide Device Support: Supports a variety of brands and models, especially older devices that are no longer officially supported.
• • Privacy Protection: LineageOS offers enhanced privacy protection features, such as a permission manager and private mode.

Note: Before flashing, please ensure that your device has unlocked the bootloader.

Downloading LineageOS

Before starting the flashing process, first visit the LineageOS official website^[1] to find your device model and download the corresponding flashing package.

Alternatively, download the LineageOS source code^[2] to compile the system yourself.

Download the GMS package^[3] (optional).

Preparing the Flashing Environment

Configure the Android SDK Platform-Tools^[4] in Linux by following these steps:

1. Download Android SDK Platform-Tools:

# Change directory to where platform-tools is stored
cd /mnt/case_sensitive
# Download platform-tools
wget https://dl.google.com/android/repository/platform-tools-latest-linux.zip
# Unzip platform-tools
unzip platform-tools-latest-linux.zip

2. Configure Environment Variables:

To use adb and fastboot commands from anywhere, you need to add the platform-tools directory to your PATH.

Edit the ~/.bashrc file.

nano ~/.bashrc

Add the following line at the end of the file:

export PATH=$PATH:/mnt/case_sensitive/platform-tools

Then reload the .bashrc file:

source ~/.bashrc

3. Verify Configuration

You can check if adb is configured successfully with the following command:

adb version

Test the connection to the device, ensuring your Android device is connected via USB and that developer mode and USB debugging are enabled.

adb devices

This will list the connected devices.

Flashing Third-Party Recovery

The official Xiaomi recovery does not have flashing options (and is unlikely to support third-party ROMs), so you need to flash a third-party recovery first.

TWRP Official Website: https://twrp.me/Devices/

1. Flash TWRP via Fastboot

Find the appropriate twrp.img for your device on the TWRP official website and download it locally.

Refresh recovery:

# Enter fastboot mode
adb reboot fastboot

# Flash recovery
fastboot flash recovery twrp.img

2. Flash TWRP via App

After downloading and installing, open the TWRP app, select 【TWRP FLASH】【SELECT A DEVICE】【enter your device model in the input box】【click search results to download TWRP image】.

After downloading, click 【Select a file to flash】 to choose the downloaded twrp.img to complete the installation.

Starting the Flashing Process

Enter recovery mode (or press 【Volume +】 and 【Power】 simultaneously).

fastboot reboot recovery

Complete the flashing using one of the following two methods.

1. Install Flashing Package

【Mount】【Enable MTP mode】 to transfer the flashing package to the phone’s storage.

Click 【Wipe】 and swipe to perform a factory reset.

Return to the main page, click 【Install】 to select the flashing package pushed to the sdcard, and swipe to start the flashing process.

Flashing the GMS package follows the same procedure.

After flashing, reboot the system.

2. Flashing via Sideload

Enter recovery mode (or press 【Volume +】 and 【Power】 simultaneously).

fastboot reboot recovery

Click 【Wipe】 and swipe to perform a factory reset.

Then on the TWRP main interface, click “Advanced” -> “ADB Sideload” -> “Swipe to start Sideload”.

Execute the following command to start the flashing process:

adb sideload E:\lineage-21.0-20240805-UNOFFICIAL-gemini.zip

Flashing the GMS package:

adb sideload E:\MindTheGapps-14.0.0-arm64-20240612_135921.zip

After completion, click to reboot the system.

Using LineageOS Recovery for Flashing

Some ROMs may require using the recovery.img generated by LineageOS itself to flash successfully.

Enter fastboot mode (or press 【Volume -】 and 【Power】 simultaneously).

adb reboot bootloader

Flash LineageOS Recovery:

fastboot flash recovery recovery.img

Enter recovery mode (or press 【Volume +】 and 【Power】 simultaneously).

fastboot reboot recovery

【Factory reset】【Format data】 to format data.

【Apply update】【Apply from adb】 to enable adb sideload.

Start the flashing process:

adb sideload E:\lineage-21.0-20240805-UNOFFICIAL-gemini.zip

Wait for the flashing to complete and reboot the system.

Related Links:

• • Tutorial for Flashing LineageOS on Xiaomi Phones^[5]
• • Twrp V3.2.1 For Mi 5c Released (7to.cn)^[6]

Reference Links

<span>[1]</span> LineageOS Official Website:https://wiki.lineageos.org/devices/<span>[2]</span>LineageOS Source Code:https://github.com/LineageOS/android<span>[3]</span>GMS Package:https://wiki.lineageos.org/gapps/<span>[4]</span>Android SDK Platform-Tools:https://developer.android.com/tools/releases/platform-tools?hl=zh-cn<span>[5]</span>Tutorial for Flashing LineageOS on Xiaomi Phones:https://miuiver.com/how-to-flash-lineageos/<span>[6]</span>Twrp V3.2.1 For Mi 5c Released (7to.cn):https://xiaomi.eu/community/threads/twrp-v3-2-1-for-mi-5c-released-7to-cn.43743/