Introduction It is common for users of KEIL to encounter the issue of needing to run part or all of the program code in RAM. This article summarizes several methods to run programs in RAM using an example from the STM32F411 Nucleo. We will start with the ToggleLED function executing in Flash. Below is the … Read more
Keil C51 is a C language software development system for the 51 series compatible microcontrollers. Compared to assembly language, C language has significant advantages in functionality, structure, readability, and maintainability, making it easy to learn and use. Keil provides a complete development solution that includes a C compiler, macro assembler, linker, library management, and a … Read more
Author | Vitaly Bragilevsky Translator | Liu Yameng Editor | Tina The Rust ecosystem is regularly explored through numerous developer surveys. A careful reading of these reports can provide deep insights into the community and the potential of the technology. For example, the majority of Rust developers have only recently started using the language, which … Read more
Author | Roman Kashitsyn Translation | Yan Zheng Rust is a hot topic in the field of language design. It allows us to build efficient, memory-safe programs with concise, portable, and sometimes even beautiful code. However, everything has two sides; it’s not all roses and sunshine. The details of memory management often drive development work … Read more
Inheritance in C++: Public, Private, Protected, and Inheritance Hierarchy In Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), inheritance is an important concept. C++, as a language that supports OOP, offers various types of inheritance to help programmers create clear and maintainable code structures. This article will detail the different types of inheritance in C++ classes, including public, private, protected, … Read more
C++ Recursive Functions: Principles, Implementation, and Classic Cases Introduction Recursion is a common method in computer science, which is a programming technique where a function calls itself directly or indirectly. It is an effective and elegant way to solve problems, especially those that can be broken down into smaller sub-problems. In this article, we will … Read more
Understanding C++ Namespaces: Definition, Use, and Scope Resolution In C++ programming, namespaces are an important feature used to resolve identifier conflicts. As the scale of the program increases, the number of functions, classes, and variables in the code also grows, which may lead to naming conflicts. To address this issue, C++ introduced the concept of … Read more
Exploring C++ Variables and Constants: Declaration, Initialization, and Scope In C++ programming, variables and constants are fundamental and important concepts. They are not only the basic units for storing data but also directly affect the behavior of the program. This article will detail the declaration, initialization, and scope of variables and constants. 1. Variables 1.1 … Read more
In C++, to avoid the overhead caused by function calls (mainly parameter stack pushing, jumping, returning, etc.), one can use the inline function mechanism (<span>inline</span>) to directly replace the function in the calling place during the compilation phase, similar to macro expansion in C language, but safer and more controllable than macro functions. Below, we … Read more
The ## operator in C++ macros is known as the token pasting or token concatenation operator. It is used within macro definitions to concatenate two tokens into a single token when the macro is expanded. This operator is particularly useful for creating variable names, function names, or other identifiers dynamically during preprocessing. Syntax #define CONCATENATE(token1, … Read more